基于分形的遥感矿化信息提取研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 14:15

  本文选题：遥感 + 分形　； 参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：江西赣南地区位于我国南岭岩脉活动带,作为我国重要的有色金属基地之一,在此处进行遥感矿化信息提取研究具有一定的代表性。本文利用ETM+影像和ASTER影像对研究区的线性构造信息和蚀变信息进行了提取。分形理论可以通过不规则的现象揭示出复杂现象背后隐藏的规律,因此在对研究区的构造信息定量化处理和蚀变信息分析的过程中使用了分形方法,从而对研究区的矿化信息进行综合研究。本文的主要研究内容及成果如下:1.通过对研究区地质资料和影像资料的分析,发现研究区内存在大量对提取结果产生影响的信息,如植被、河流、第四系和山体阴影,尤其是植被覆盖极多。在对研究区矿化信息进行提取前,对影像进行了去干扰研究,在植被覆盖区使用“高植被区掩膜+中低植被区抑制”的模式进行处理,再与其它干扰信息取合膜进行剔除,取得了较好的应用效果。2.对线性构造信息进行定量化分析,利用盒计维数法进行维数统计,绘制出线性构造的分维等值线图。3.用来提取蚀变信息的方法有许多,本文结合研究区实例,对常见的比值法、主成分法、比值+主成分法和光谱角法进行效果和优缺点的对比研究,总结出适合研究区情况的铁染蚀变信息提取流程。4.在蚀变信息的分级时,分别使用门限法和分形法选取阈值,通过对比分析,分形方法中应用最小二乘拟合选取的阈值具有更多的地质内涵,据此绘制出了研究区的铁染蚀变信息分级图。5.在不同的范围内分别使用ETM+影像和ASTER影像进行铁染蚀变信息提取,通过与地质资料的结合验证,对两种影像的提取效果和应用价值进行阐述。6.将线性构造分维等值线图、铁染蚀变异常分级图和地质图进行叠加,发现构造分维值高的地区也含有大量的蚀变信息,且展布特征一致,据此圈出了具有一定准确度的矿产预测靶区。经与已知矿点和矿区等地质资料的对比,印证了研究中方法的可行性。
[Abstract]:As one of the important nonferrous metal bases in our country, Jiangxi Gannan area is located in the active belt of the Nanling vein in China. The study of remote sensing mineralization information extraction in this area is representative to a certain extent. In this paper, ETM and ASTER images are used to extract the linear structure information and alteration information of the study area. Fractal theory can reveal the hidden law behind complex phenomena through irregular phenomena, so fractal method is used in the process of quantitative processing of structural information and analysis of alteration information in the study area. Therefore, the mineralization information of the study area is studied synthetically. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on the analysis of geological data and image data in the study area, it is found that there are a large number of information which affect the extraction results, such as vegetation, river, Quaternary and mountain shadow, especially vegetation cover. Before extracting the mineralized information from the study area, the image was studied for de-jamming, and the pattern of "high vegetation area masking low vegetation area inhibition" was used in the vegetation cover area, and then it was removed from the other interference information. Good application effect. 2. Based on the quantitative analysis of the linear construction information, the fractal contour map .3of the linear construction is drawn by using the box-count dimension method to carry out the dimension statistics. There are many methods used to extract alteration information. In this paper, we compare the effects, advantages and disadvantages of the common ratio method, principal component method, ratio principal component method and spectral angle method. The extraction process of iron stain alteration information suitable for the study area was summarized. 4. In the classification of alteration information, threshold method and fractal method are used to select threshold value respectively. Through comparison and analysis, it is found that the threshold value selected by least square fitting in fractal method has more geological connotation. According to this, the gradation diagram of iron stain alteration information in the study area was drawn. 5. The iron-stained alteration information is extracted from ETM image and ASTER image in different range. The extraction effect and application value of the two kinds of images are expounded by combining with geological data. By superposing the contour map of linear structural fractal dimension, the grading map of iron-stained alteration anomaly and the geological map, it is found that the areas with high structural fractal dimension also contain a large amount of alteration information, and the distribution characteristics are consistent. According to this, the target area of mineral resources prediction with certain accuracy is obtained. The feasibility of the method is verified by comparing with the geological data of known ore sites and mining areas.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P627
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本文编号：1792308