基于GIS边坡地质环境监测与稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 14:06

本文选题：边坡稳定性 + 智能监测　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：安徽铜陵新桥硫铁矿是国内大型露天矿山之一,经过三十余年的露天坑采,新桥矿主采对象-Ⅰ号主矿体采坑的上下相对垂差达398米,形成高陡边坡,给矿山开采安全造成严重威胁。为进一步推动数字矿山建设,本研究针对采矿工程所形成的高陡边坡,依托Arcgis桌面系统,首先构建了研究区地质环境数据库,按照空间数据库标准化要求,在逻辑上将研究区地质环境数据归纳为基础地理数据、环境专题数据、监测专题数据和工程勘察专题数据四大类,并从物理存储角度对要素集、要素类进行了详细设计。其次,本研究针对该高陡边坡详细设计了边坡智能变形监测及预警系统方案,并依托专业建模软件构建了边坡三维地层模型,实现了边坡三维可视化。最后,基于GIS并综合地质环境因素及监测数据作进一步分析,描述了边坡形变演化阶段及时空运动特征,绘制了边坡的形变速率分布图及稳定性分等定级图,就边坡预警给出了参考性建议。本研究就边坡智能监测、空间数据库构建、三维建模及边坡稳定性计算与分析等关键问题展开的探索成果主要体现在以下几个方面：1)根据矿方施工建设及本研究的需要,收集了新桥矿区地质资料、边坡地形资料、变形监测资料、钻孔及相关物理、力学参数和地质灾害及气象资料等,依托Arcgis平台构建了新桥矿边坡地质环境数据综合库。该数据库详细地描述了研究区基础地质、环境专题、监测专题以及勘察专题四大类数据,为边坡的三维可视化、三维地层建模及边坡的稳定性分析和计算提供可靠资源和平台。2)将专业地质建模软件Gocad与Arcgis相结合,实现了新桥矿边坡三维可视化并构建了三维地层模型,为边坡的稳定性研究提供了基础。3)描述了新桥边坡智能监测系统的设计方案及系统功能,并对监测数据从多因子角度进行深度分析,依据边坡的形变演化曲线,揭示了边坡监测点的时空运动特征。对小波消噪后的监测数据通过聚类分析,在综合时间及环境因素的BP分组基础上不断学习,最后绘制了整个研究区形变速率分布图,为进一步判别边坡的稳定性提供了数据参考。4)以新桥矿边坡南坡为研究对象,将边坡稳定性数据模型与GIS相结合,较全面地分析了影响边坡失稳的各种因素及因子的作用程度和范围并量化,通过GIS空间分析,对新桥矿南坡稳定性进行了分等定级。
[Abstract]:Xinqiao pyrite mine in Tongling, Anhui Province is one of the large open pit mines in China. After more than 30 years of open-pit mining, the relative vertical difference between the mining pits of No. 1 main orebody and the main mining object of Xinqiao Mine has reached 398 meters, forming a high and steep slope. It poses a serious threat to the safety of mining. In order to further promote the construction of digital mine, this study aims at the high and steep slope formed by mining engineering, relying on Arcgis desktop system, first of all, the geological environment database of the study area is constructed, and according to the requirements of spatial database standardization, The geological environment data of the study area are logically classified into four categories: basic geographical data, environmental special data, monitoring thematic data and engineering survey thematic data. The element set and element class are designed in detail from the point of view of physical storage. Secondly, the intelligent deformation monitoring and early warning system for the high and steep slope is designed in detail, and the 3D stratum model of the slope is built based on the professional modeling software, which realizes the 3D visualization of the slope. Finally, based on the analysis of GIS and geological environmental factors and monitoring data, the evolution stage and space-time movement characteristics of slope deformation are described, and the slope deformation rate distribution map and stability grading map are drawn. Some suggestions on slope warning are given. The main achievements of the research on the key problems of slope intelligent monitoring, spatial database construction, 3D modeling and slope stability calculation and analysis are as follows: 1) according to the needs of mine construction and this research, The geological data of Xinqiao mining area, slope topography, deformation monitoring data, borehole and related physics, mechanical parameters, geological hazards and meteorological data were collected, and the comprehensive database of geological environment data of Xinqiao mine slope was constructed based on Arcgis platform. The database describes in detail four categories of data, namely, basic geology, environmental topics, monitoring topics and survey topics, in order to visualize the slope in three dimensions. The 3D stratum modeling and slope stability analysis and calculation provide reliable resources and platform. 2) combining the professional geological modeling software Gocad with Arcgis, the 3D visualization of Xinqiao mine slope is realized and the 3D stratigraphic model is constructed. The design scheme and system function of the intelligent monitoring system for new bridge slope are described, and the monitoring data are analyzed in depth from the angle of multiple factors, and according to the deformation evolution curve of the slope, the design scheme and the function of the intelligent monitoring system of the new bridge slope are described. The temporal and spatial movement characteristics of slope monitoring points are revealed. The monitoring data after wavelet denoising are analyzed by cluster analysis, and the BP grouping of integrated time and environmental factors is used to study continuously. Finally, the deformation rate distribution map of the whole research area is drawn. This paper provides a data reference for judging the slope stability further. 4) taking the south slope of Xinqiao Mine as the research object, the data model of slope stability is combined with GIS. The factors affecting slope instability are analyzed and quantified, and the stability of the south slope of Xinqiao Mine is graded by GIS space analysis.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD167;P208

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