石英表面特性与浮选的研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 06:36

本文选题：石英浮选 + 吸附量　；参考：《贵州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：以织金含稀土硅钙质磷矿石中石英为研究对象,采用胺类混合捕收剂HAY作为浮选捕收剂,进行矿浆中难免离子对石英和胶磷矿浮选影响试验研究,采用吸附量测定、Zeta-电位测试、溶液化学计算、红外光谱分析、分子模拟等方法进行机理研究以及探讨石英表面特性与浮选之间的关系。根据磷矿矿浆中的溶液离子和外加离子,考察金属阳离子Ca2+、Mg2+、Al3+、Fe3+、Fe2+,无机阴离子SO42-、CO32-、PO43-、SiO32-、F-及离子交互作用对石英和胶磷矿浮选的影响。试验结果表明,当矿浆中无难免离子时,HAY与石英表面硅氧键的氧主要以静电力形式结合发生物理吸附,而HAY与胶磷矿表面的钙离子发生络合而产生化学吸附;当矿浆中存在难免离子时,浓度低于35 mg/L的溶液离子对石英和胶磷矿浮选无明显影响,当离子浓度为50 mg/L时,石英浮选回收率具有明显变化。金属阳离子对石英浮选影响大小为:Fe3+Fe2+Al3+Ca2+Mg2+,无机阴离子对石英浮选影响大小为:SO42-SiO32-F-CO32-PO43-;在阴离子和阳离子交互作用下,Ca2+与无机阴离子交互作用对石英浮选影响类似于无机阴离子,在Fe3+和Fe2+体系下,SO42-、F-可降低Fe3+和Fe2+对石英和胶磷矿浮选分离的影响,而PO43-可促进Fe3+和Fe2+对石英和胶磷矿浮选分离的影响,当pH为3时,两者浮选差异可达到60%以上;在阳离子和阳离子交互作用下,石英和胶磷矿浮选差异减小。通过表面HAY吸附量测定、Zeta-电位测试、金属离子溶液化学计算、红外光谱分析、分子模拟等方法,对矿物浮选过程进行机理研究,研究结果与纯矿物浮选试验结果相一致。Ca2+、Mg2+可提高石英表面吸附活性点,提高石英浮选回收率;Fe3+、Fe2+与HAY能形成稳定螯合物,降低石英浮选回收率;Al3+吸附于石英Stern层,改变石英表面电性,使HAY难以吸附于石英表面,降低石英浮选回收率;SiO32-吸附在石英表面,降低表面吸附活性点,降低石英浮选回收率;F-与HAY发生络合,降低HAY浓度,降低表面疏水性,降低石英浮选回收率;SO42-、CO32-、PO43-能与带正电的HAY发生结合,降低石英表面HAY吸附量,降低石英浮选回收率。通过浮选试验和机理研究,考察了磷矿石中难免离子对石英浮选的影响,揭示了石英表面特性与之间的关系。
[Abstract]:In this paper, quartz in silicon-calcium phosphate ores containing rare earths in Zhijin was studied, and HAY was used as flotation collector. The effect of inevitable ions in slurry on flotation of quartz and colloid phosphate was studied, and Zeta-potential was measured by adsorption. The mechanism of solution chemistry calculation, infrared spectrum analysis and molecular simulation were studied and the relationship between surface characteristics of quartz and flotation was discussed. Based on the solution ions and applied ions in phosphate ore pulp, the effects of metal cationic Ca2 Mg2, Al 3, Fe 3 and Fe 2, inorganic anions so 4 2, CO 32, O 3, O 3, O 32, O 32, F -, and the interaction of ions on the flotation of quartz and carophosphate were investigated. The experimental results show that when there are no inevitable ions in the slurry, the oxygen of Si-O bond on quartz surface is mainly physically adsorbed in the form of static electricity, while HAY complexes with calcium ions on the surface of colloid phosphate to produce chemisorption. When there are inevitable ions in the slurry, the concentration of solution ions below 35 mg/L has no obvious influence on the flotation of quartz and colloid phosphate rock. When the concentration of ions is 50 mg/L, the recovery rate of quartz floatation has obvious change. The effect of metal cations on quartz flotation is: Fe _ 3 Fe2 Al3 Ca2 Mg2, inorganic anions on quartz flotation is: so _ 42-SiO _ 32-F-CO32-PO _ 43-.The interaction of Ca ~ (2 +) and inorganic anions on quartz flotation is similar to that of inorganic anions under the interaction of anions and cations. In the system of Fe3 and Fe2, the effect of Fe3 and Fe2 on the flotation separation of quartz and apatite can be reduced, while PO43- can promote the effect of Fe3 and Fe2 on the flotation separation of quartz and anthracite. When pH is 3, the difference between them can reach more than 60%. Under the interaction of cations and cations, the difference of flotation between quartz and cationic mineral is reduced. The mechanism of mineral flotation was studied by measuring the adsorption capacity of HAY on the surface, chemical calculation of metal ion solution, infrared spectrum analysis, molecular simulation and so on. The results are in agreement with the results of flotation test of pure minerals. The results show that Ca 2 + mg 2 can increase the surface adsorption activity point of quartz, increase the recovery rate of Fe 3 and Fe 2 in quartz flotation and form a stable chelate with HAY, and reduce the recovery rate of quartz flotation for Al 3 adsorption on quartz Stern layer. By changing the electrical properties of quartz surface, it is difficult for HAY to be adsorbed on quartz surface. SiO32- is adsorbed on quartz surface, and the surface adsorption activity point is reduced. The recovery rate of quartz floatation is reduced by complexing with HAY, and the concentration of HAY is reduced. The surface hydrophobicity of quartz was reduced, and the recovery rate of so _ 42-CO _ (32) O _ (32) O _ (43) could be combined with HAY with positive charge. The adsorption capacity of HAY on quartz surface was reduced, and the recovery rate of quartz flotation was decreased. The effect of inevitable ions in phosphate rock on the flotation of quartz was investigated through flotation experiments and mechanism studies. The relationship between surface characteristics and quartz surface characteristics was revealed.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD97

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