基于爆破损伤的石膏矿采矿方法研究与设计

发布时间：2018-05-18 07:19

本文选题：爆破损伤 + 相似模拟　；参考：《山东理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：兰陵石膏集团大汉矿-580m水平矿层开采存在地压显现明显,爆破对围岩损伤较大的现象,以传统的经验类比法设计采场参数难以满足安全生产的要求。通过调查研究该矿山的地质条件、岩体性质以及开采现状,并在矿山现场和实验室进行扰动试验研究以确定爆破载荷作用下围岩的损伤规律及弱化效应,依据试验结果折减矿山岩体参数,确定采场围岩的物理力学参数。使用FLAC3D模拟软件设计采场结构参数并对采场结构稳定性进行分析,最终确定大汉石膏矿-580m水平矿床的采矿方法、采场布置参数等,保证矿山深部的安全生产,同时为类似矿山提供参考。现场试验通过小爆破的形式进行,采用跨孔声波测试,得出围岩爆破的影响深度约为175cm~225cm,不是每次爆破都会使围岩产生宏观上的损伤,甚至有时候会发生局部裂隙闭合或压密现象,爆破对围岩承载区损伤较大。爆破损伤室内试验是依据矿山实测的爆破频率、峰值振动速度以及振动持续时间等数据,在石膏试件单轴抗压强度40%、60%和80%的静载荷下进行的。试验得出不同静载荷水平下,石膏矿石的扰动损伤规律符合对数函数。在单轴抗压强度80%应力水平下,石膏试件经过50次的扰动破坏后,其完整性系数最低为0.64。依据爆破损伤试验结果对岩石参数进行折减,确定采场岩体参数,通过材料力学“梁”理论、以及FLAC3D数值模拟,确定采场结构参数。依据临界强度理论、FLAC3D动应力分析评价矿山采空区的稳定性。最终确定采用分层浅孔房柱采矿法,矿层分2个分段回采,分段采高8m,采宽为5m,采长为50m,矿柱宽度为8m,留设1.5m护顶层和1m护底层,层间柱宽度为5m。
[Abstract]:In the mining of -580m horizontal seam of Lanling Gypsum Group, there is a phenomenon that the ground pressure appears obviously and the blasting damages the surrounding rock. It is difficult to design the stope parameters by the traditional experience analogy method to meet the requirements of safe production. The geological conditions, rock mass properties and mining status of the mine are investigated, and disturbance tests are carried out in the mine site and laboratory to determine the damage law and weakening effect of surrounding rock under blasting load. The physical and mechanical parameters of surrounding rock in stope are determined by reducing the rock mass parameters according to the test results. The structural parameters of stope are designed by using FLAC3D software and the stope structure stability is analyzed. Finally, the mining method and stope layout parameters of -580m horizontal ore deposit in Dahan gypsum mine are determined to ensure the safe production in the deep part of the mine. It also provides reference for similar mines. The field test was carried out in the form of small blasting, and the cross hole acoustic wave test was adopted. It was concluded that the influence depth of surrounding rock blasting was about 175 cm ~ 225cm, and not every blasting would cause macroscopic damage to the surrounding rock. Sometimes even the local fissure closure or compaction occurs, blasting damage to the surrounding rock bearing area. The laboratory test of blasting damage is carried out under the static load of 40% and 80% uniaxial compressive strength of gypsum specimen according to the measured data of blasting frequency, peak vibration velocity and vibration duration. The results show that the disturbance damage law of gypsum ore accords with logarithmic function under different static load levels. Under the stress level of 80% uniaxial compressive strength, the integrity coefficient of gypsum specimen is the lowest 0.64 after 50 times of disturbance failure. According to the results of blasting damage test, the rock parameters are reduced and the parameters of stope rock mass are determined. The structural parameters of stope are determined by the theory of "beam" of mechanics of materials and the numerical simulation of FLAC3D. The stability of goaf is evaluated by FLAC3D dynamic stress analysis based on critical strength theory. Finally, the method of stratified shallow hole roof pillar mining is adopted, the ore bed is divided into two sections, the mining height is 8 m, the mining width is 5 m, the mining length is 50 m, the pillar width is 8 m, the top and bottom layers are kept at 1.5 m and the width of the interlayer column is 5 m.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD876.1

【参考文献】