尾矿库渗流自动监测系统的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-05-21 01:02

本文选题：尾矿库 + 渗流　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：渗流监测是尾矿库安全监测中重要的监测项目之一,20世纪70年代以来,尾矿库安全监测系统得到了飞速发展,但渗流自动化监测系统由于其设备运行环境恶劣、可靠性要求高,仍是尾矿库安全监测系统中存在问题较多的项目之一。为此,本文研制开发了新一代基于振弦式传感器的尾矿库渗流自动化监测系统。论文作者主要研究工作以及取得的成果如下：(1)针对振弦式传感器,分析了工作特点、工作原理及其主要构成类型,讨论了数学模型,论证了输出信号频率与其所受压力存在的对应关系。从系统需求分析出发,提出了系统设计所应遵循的原则、尾矿库渗流的主要监测参数、传感器的位置选择、系统的采集方式。(2)采用性能较强,处理速度较快的STC12C5A60S2微处理器,分别设计了振弦式传感器的激励电路、拾振电路、放大滤波电路、温度信号采集电路、电源电路、存储电路、通道选择电路等硬件电路。对系统的通信方式及总线的设计做了详细分析。(3)设计了基于振弦式传感器的尾矿库渗流自动监测系统的软件系统,采用基于中心频率的低压扫频策略、多周期脉冲计数方法、硬件滤波与软件滤波相结合的信号调理方案,利用抛物线插值算法进行温度补偿,对频率检测与温度补偿采取了优化措施,具有很好的移植性与可扩展性。(4)选择深水井作为模拟实验环境进行实验,通过选取不同水位深度来模拟不同渗流压力值。将本测量系统的测量数据与传统的振弦式采集仪的测量数据,进行对比分析,结果表明：连续做50次测量,尾矿库渗流自动监测系统工作稳定性最低可达0.02%,测量精度达到0.06%,工作线性度优于传统的振弦式采集仪。
[Abstract]:Seepage monitoring is one of the important monitoring items in tailings reservoir safety monitoring. Since 1970s, the safety monitoring system of tailings reservoir has been developed rapidly. However, the seepage automatic monitoring system has high reliability requirements due to its poor operating environment. It is still one of the items with many problems in the safety monitoring system of tailings reservoir. Therefore, a new generation of automatic seepage monitoring system based on vibrating string sensor is developed in this paper. The main research work and results obtained by the author are as follows: (1) in view of the vibrating string sensor, the working characteristics, working principle and main composition types are analyzed, and the mathematical model is discussed. The relationship between the frequency of the output signal and the pressure is demonstrated. Based on the analysis of system requirements, this paper puts forward the principles to be followed in system design, such as the main monitoring parameters of seepage flow in tailings reservoir, the location selection of sensors, the acquisition mode of the system, and the STC12C5A60S2 microprocessor, which has better performance and faster processing speed. The exciting circuit, picking up circuit, amplifying and filtering circuit, temperature signal acquisition circuit, power supply circuit, storage circuit, channel selection circuit and other hardware circuits are designed respectively. The communication mode of the system and the design of the bus are analyzed in detail. (3) the software system of the automatic seepage monitoring system of the tailings reservoir based on the vibrating string sensor is designed. The low-voltage sweep strategy based on the center frequency and the multi-period pulse counting method are adopted. The signal conditioning scheme which combines hardware filtering with software filtering, makes use of parabola interpolation algorithm to compensate the temperature, and optimizes the frequency detection and temperature compensation. It has good transplantability and extensibility. (4) the deep well is selected as the simulation experimental environment, and the different seepage pressure is simulated by selecting different water level depth. The measurement data of this system are compared with those of the traditional vibrating string type collector. The results show that 50 times of measurement are done continuously. The working stability of the automatic monitoring system for seepage in tailings reservoir can be as low as 0.02 and the measuring accuracy is 0.06.The working linearity is superior to that of the traditional vibrating string type collector.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD926.4;TP274

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