掘进机自控水力截齿破岩特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 21:50

本文选题：高压水射流 + 截齿　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：掘进机是煤炭开采的关键设备,其性能的优劣直接影响掘进效率。掘进机截齿截割硬岩存在截割效率低、磨损严重、温度高等问题,高压水射流—截齿联合破岩能够有效解决上述问题。文本基于流体动力学理论,提出一种可以自动调节流量的新型掘进机自控水力截齿,有效解决了普通高压水射流一截齿联合破岩方式中存在的水量浪费和水患问题。采用理论分析、仿真和试验相结合的方法,对自控水力截齿的工作性能和破岩特性进行研究。论文以机械破岩理论以及水射流破岩理论为基础,对高压水射流-截齿联合破岩理论进行研究,探寻岩石裂纹扩展规律。在分析自控水力截齿工作原理的基础上,对截齿机械结构及内流道进行设计。基于FLUENT软件,建立自控水力截齿流场仿真模型,包括空载状态流场、喷嘴自由喷射流场和水射流冲击岩石流场。分别对自控水力截齿的流量减小特性、非淹没射流流场分布特性和无因次靶距对于冲击岩石流场特性的影响规律进行研究,为自控水力截齿结构设计和参数选择提供依据。分别对自控水力截齿的摩擦阻力特性和截齿液动力进行分析,在此基础上建立自控水力截齿动态响应模型,探寻其开启过程和关闭过程的响应规律,证明自控水力截齿的可行性和可靠性。进而研究岩石抗拉强度、截割深度、水射流压力和截齿结构参数对动态响应特性的影响。基于LSDYNA软件,采用FEM-SPH耦合算法对普通截齿和自控水力截齿破岩特性进行仿真研究,系统研究岩石抗拉强度、截割深度、水射流压力等参数对岩石破碎效果的影响。基于V Workbench软件,对自控水力截齿力学特性进行仿真研究,探寻岩石抗拉强度和截割深度对自控水力截齿系统应力、变形分布的影响,提出截齿结构优化方案。搭建自控水力截齿破岩试验台,配制岩石试样,研制加工自控水力截齿,开展自控水力截齿关闭过程摩擦阻力特性、开启特性、动态响应特性、流量特性和岩石截割的试验研究,并对其影响因素及规律进行了分析,为自控水力截齿的实际应用提供了依据。试验结果与仿真结论基本一致,证明了仿真的正确性。
[Abstract]:Roadheader is the key equipment in coal mining, and its performance directly affects the tunneling efficiency. There are some problems such as low cutting efficiency, serious wear, high temperature and so on in the cutting hard rock of tunneling machine. The problems mentioned above can be effectively solved by the combination of high pressure water jet and tooth cutting. Based on the theory of hydrodynamics, this paper presents a new type of roadheader, which can automatically adjust the flow rate, which can effectively solve the problems of water waste and flood in the common high pressure water jet and tooth cutting combined with rock breaking. The working performance and rock breaking characteristics of automatic control hydraulic gear cutting are studied by means of theoretical analysis, simulation and test. On the basis of mechanical rock breaking theory and water jet rock breaking theory, the high pressure water jet combined broken rock theory is studied in this paper, and the law of rock crack propagation is explored. On the basis of analyzing the working principle of automatic control hydraulic gear cutting, the structure and internal runner of gear cutting machine are designed. Based on FLUENT software, the simulation model of self-control hydraulic truncation flow field is established, including no-load flow field, nozzle free jet flow field and water jet impinging flow field. The characteristics of flow reduction, the distribution of flow field of non-submerged jet and the influence of dimensionless target distance on the characteristics of impinging rock flow field are studied respectively, which provides the basis for the structural design and parameter selection of self-controlled hydraulic tooth cutting. Based on the analysis of friction resistance characteristics and hydrodynamic forces of self-controlled hydraulic gear cutting, the dynamic response model of self-controlled hydraulic gear cutting is established, and the response law of its opening and closing process is explored. The feasibility and reliability of automatic hydraulic gear cutting are proved. The effects of rock tensile strength, cutting depth, water jet pressure and structural parameters on dynamic response were studied. Based on LSDYNA software, the characteristics of rock broken by common and self-controlled hydraulic cutting are simulated by using FEM-SPH coupling algorithm. The effects of rock tensile strength, cutting depth and water jet pressure on rock breakage are systematically studied. Based on V Workbench software, the mechanical characteristics of automatic control hydraulic tooth cutting are simulated and studied. The influence of rock tensile strength and cutting depth on stress and deformation distribution of automatic control hydraulic gear cutting system is explored, and the optimization scheme of tooth cutting structure is put forward. The self-control hydraulic tooth cutting test bench was built, the rock sample was prepared, the automatic control hydraulic tooth cutting was developed and processed, the friction resistance characteristics, the opening characteristics and the dynamic response characteristics of the automatic control hydraulic tooth cutting closing process were carried out. The experimental study on flow characteristics and rock cutting, and the analysis of its influencing factors and laws are provided for the practical application of automatic control hydraulic tooth cutting. The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulation results, and the correctness of the simulation is proved.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD421.5

【参考文献】