基于数字图像处理的岩体结构面粗糙度三维表征方法及其应用

发布时间：2018-06-05 03:32

本文选题：岩体结构面 + 粗糙度　；参考：《东北大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：岩体结构面在很大程度上控制着工程岩体的变形、强度及稳定性,而结构面粗糙度是其力学性质的重要影响因素。因此,岩体结构面粗糙度的研究一直备受该领域学者的高度关注。因岩体结构面形貌的复杂性,目前的表征方法仍不能准确的对其进行描述,尤其是三维结构面粗糙度各向异性和尺寸效应等方面,尚缺乏有效的表征方法。鉴于此,本文基于数字图像处理技术进行节理面形貌特征的获取,开展岩体结构面粗糙度的多重分形描述,提出基于变异函数分析的岩体结构面粗糙度各向异性的三维表征方法,并探讨结构面各向异性与尺寸效应的相互影响关系,最后建立考虑结构面粗糙度各向异性特征的剪切强度模型。该项研究对刻画岩体结构面力学特性具有重要理论意义与实际工程应用价值。研究工作总结如下：(1)基于数字图像处理技术的岩石节理粗糙度分形描述：基于数字图像处理技术获取节理面的形貌特征,应用分形几何理论对数字化的十条标准轮廓线进行分形维数计算,考虑节理形态的层次性,提出用分形维数D和起伏度A两个指标表征节理轮廓线粗糙度JRC的新方法；同时,在应用数字图像处理技术获取类岩体结构面的三维粗糙度信息的基础上,采用多重分形理论计算结构面的多重分形参数,结合Barton节理峰值抗剪强度模型,给出用多重分形参数△a(q)和△D(q))表征JRC3D的估算公式,为岩体结构面三维粗糙度评估提供新的方法。(2)基于变异函数分析的三维结构面粗糙度各向异性表征：首先通过分析变异函数参数物理含义,应用量纲分析法,提出用含有变程和基台的综合指标SRv表征结构面粗糙度各向异性特征的新方法,并通过在VC++平台上开发计算程序,来分析人造试件结构面粗糙度的各向异性特征。(3)基于变异函数分析的三维岩体单裂隙开度各向异性特征研究：鉴于变异函数参数(变程和基台)的物理含义,提出用变异函数参数表征单裂隙等效开度的方法,并推导粗糙特征符合二级球状模型的结构面等效开度的计算公式；然后应用该方法在VC++平台上开发裂隙开度计算程序,通过实例分析结构面间开度的各向异性特征。(4)基于各向异性特征的三维岩体结构面粗糙度尺寸效应分析：首先将被研究结构面按照不同区域划分为大小不同的几组结构面；然后采用结构面粗糙度指标SRv,分别计算不同结构面不同方向的SRv值；以此为基础,分析每组结构面粗糙度随尺寸大小变化的发展趋势,揭示结构面粗糙度指标SRv的尺度效应,为将该指标应用于工程尺度的岩体结构面各向异性特征的表征奠定基础。(5)考虑三维岩体结构面各向异性特征的剪切强度模型研究：提出用各向异性指标SRv和起伏度指标A评估结构面粗糙度的新方法；然后通过研究十条标准轮廓线,拟合出JRC与SRv和4的关系；最后以Barton剪切强度模型为基础,提出基于各向异性特征的三维岩体结构面剪切强度模型,并通过直剪试验来验证新模型的正确性。
[Abstract]:The rock mass structure greatly controls the deformation, strength and stability of the rock mass, and the roughness of the structure is an important factor in its mechanical properties. Therefore, the study of the roughness of the rock mass has been highly concerned by the scholars in this field. Because of the complexity of the surface profile of the rock mass structure, the present characterization method is still not accurate. It is sure to describe it, especially the roughness anisotropy and size effect of the three-dimensional structure surface, which is still lack of effective characterization methods. In view of this, this paper is based on the digital image processing technology to obtain the morphological features of the joint surface, and carries out the multifractal description of the roughness of the rock mass surface, and puts forward the rock based on the variation function analysis. The three dimensional characterization method of the anisotropy of the roughness of the body structure is discussed, and the interaction between the anisotropy of the structural surface and the size effect is discussed. Finally, the shear strength model considering the anisotropy of the structural surface roughness is established. This study has important theoretical significance and practical engineering application value for characterizing the mechanical properties of the rock mass surface. The research work is summarized as follows: (1) fractal description of rock joint roughness based on digital image processing technology: Based on the digital image processing technology to obtain the morphological features of the joint surface, the fractal dimension is used to calculate the fractal dimension of the ten standard contour lines by fractal geometry theory, and the fractal dimension D is proposed. And the new method of characterizing the roughness of the joint contour line JRC with two A indices, and on the basis of the application of digital image processing technology to obtain the three-dimensional roughness information of the rock mass structure surface, the multifractal parameters of the structural surface are calculated by the multifractal theory, and the multifractal is given in combination with the peak shear strength model of the Barton joint. The estimation formula of parameter delta A (q) and delta D (q)) represents the estimation formula of JRC3D, which provides a new method for 3D roughness evaluation of rock mass structure. (2) the characterization of the roughness anisotropy of three-dimensional structure surface based on the analysis of variation function: first, by analyzing the physical meaning of the parameter of the variation function, the comprehensive finger containing the variation range and the base table is proposed. A new method of characterizing the anisotropy of the roughness of structural surfaces by standard SRv, and by developing a computational program on the VC++ platform to analyze the anisotropy of the roughness of the structural surface of a man-made specimen. (3) study on the anisotropy of the open degree of a single fracture of a three dimensional rock mass based on the analysis of the variation function: in view of the parameters of the variation function (variable range and base) The method of characterizing the equivalent opening of single fissure with variable function parameters is put forward, and the calculation formula of the equivalent opening degree of the structure surface which conforms to the two stage spherical model is derived. Then the fracture opening calculation program is developed on the VC++ platform by this method, and the anisotropic characteristics of the open degree between the structures are analyzed by an example. (4) it is based on each one. The dimension effect analysis of the three-dimensional rock mass structure surface roughness to the heterosexual characteristics: first, the structure surface is divided into several groups of structural faces in different regions according to different regions, and then the SRv value of different structural faces in different directions is calculated by using the structural surface roughness index SRv, and the base of this is to analyze the roughness of each group of structural surfaces. The development trend of the change of size and size reveals the scale effect of the structural surface roughness index SRv, which lays the foundation for the characterization of the anisotropic characteristics of the rock mass surface which is applied to the engineering scale. (5) a study of the shear strength model considering the anisotropic characteristics of the three-dimensional rock mass: the anisotropy index SRv and the undulation index are proposed. A new method of evaluating the roughness of structural surface is made by standard A. Then by studying ten standard contour lines, the relationship between JRC and SRv and 4 is fitted. Finally, based on the shear strength model of Barton, a three-dimensional shear strength model of rock mass structure based on anisotropy is proposed, and the correctness of the new model is verified by direct shear test.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD31

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