α-胺基酸型捕收剂合成及其浮选应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 09:16

本文选题：胶磷矿 + 两性捕收剂　；参考：《武汉工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着磷矿资源的不断开采,易选矿越来越少,难选磷矿越来越多,这类难选磷矿主要为中低品位胶磷矿,由于其嵌布粒度细,有用磷矿与脉石矿物难以分离。目前的浮选磷矿物捕收剂脂肪酸及其盐类已无法达到有效的捕收性能。通过对近年来不断的浮选捕收剂研究,对其衍生化及其复配能极大的提高其浮选性能。同时对于两性捕收剂在p H值7-10条件下,能作为方解石和白云石的阴离子捕收剂,而在p H值为6.5-4时,可作为氧化硅和硅酸盐的阳离子捕收剂。考虑其既能用于正浮选,反浮选。同时又能大大减少药剂成本,对其深入研究,能极大拓宽药剂种类,解决矿石选矿技术难题。针对这一背景,本文以高级脂肪酸为原料,对其捕收剂合成进行试验研究,并将其应用到中低品位难选胶磷矿的浮选中,达到了良好的浮选要求及指标。具体试验内容如下:(1)以氯代油酸为原料(初始原料油酸),合成新浮选捕收剂HMA-1,将其作为正选捕收剂应用到抑硅浮磷浮选试验中,对云南晋宁矿样进行选别,将该矿样从原矿品位20.25%,通过一步正选达到精矿品位24.28%,产率80.86%,回收率93.3%的良好浮选指标。试验表明其极大的改善了浮选气泡性能,对浮选磷酸盐有很好的促进作用。(2)以氯代油酸为原料(初始原料油酸),通过与氨气、氨水,高压反应,合成新浮选捕收剂HZA-1、HZA-2。将两种捕收剂以放马山矿样为浮选矿样进行对比浮选试验,得出以氨水为原料其产率更高,且浮选性能更好。对于合成的HZA-2,由于其氨基、羧基的存在,可作为两性捕收剂应用到浮选中。分别以正浮选铜陵矿样、反浮选云南玉溪矿样,对其浮选捕收性能进行研究。试验结果表明,其在正、反浮选的应用中均表现出较好浮选性能。(3)对合成的捕收剂HZA-2,以放马山低品位矿样为试验矿样,对其进行系统分析与试验,通过试验与优化,得到最佳浮选工艺条件及指标性能。其从原矿14.96%通过“一正一反一扫”闭路浮选流程达到精矿品位28.21%,正尾品位7.31%,扫尾7.06%,精矿回收率70.05%的浮选指标。同时,将试验所用废水回收再利用,以回收的酸水、回水再次对其矿样进行选别,研究对浮选的影响,试验结果表明回水及酸水对试验均有影响,但对小试试验影响不大。(4)基于HZA-2对放马山矿样较好浮选性能及小试系统的浮选试验,将其进一步对放马山矿样进行扩大吨级试验。与小试浮选“一正一反一扫”工艺相同,通过对药剂制度的调节,最后在闭路条件下达到精矿品位28.88%,正尾品位7.83%,扫尾品位7.61%的良好指标,同时与工厂药剂成本对比,采用捕收剂HZA-2,平均每吨精矿节约30.51元,解决了其在常温条件下达到浮选技术指标的同时降低浮选成本的技术难题。
[Abstract]:With the continuous exploitation of phosphate rock resources, less and less easy ore dressing, more and more refractory phosphate rock, this kind of refractory phosphate rock is mainly low grade colloidal phosphate rock, because of its fine size, useful phosphate rock is difficult to separate from gangue mineral. The current flotation phosphate collector fatty acid and its salts have not been able to achieve effective capture performance. Through the research on the flotation collector in recent years, its derivation and its compounding can greatly improve its flotation performance. At the same time, the amphoteric collector can be used as the anionic collector for calcite and dolomite at pH 7-10, and the cationic collector for silica and silicate at pH 6.5-4. It is considered that it can be used in both positive flotation and reverse flotation. At the same time, it can greatly reduce the cost of reagents, study them deeply, widen the kinds of reagents and solve the technical problems of ore dressing. In view of this background, this paper studies the synthesis of collector with high fatty acid as raw material, and applies it to the floatation of low and middle grade refractory colloidal phosphate ore, which meets the good flotation requirements and indexes. The specific test contents are as follows: (1) using chlorinated oleic acid as raw material (initial raw material oleic acid), a new flotation collector HMA-1 was synthesized, which was used as a positive collector in the flotation test of silicon suppression floating phosphorus, and the samples of Jinning mine in Yunnan Province were separated. The concentrate grade is 24.28%, the yield is 80.86% and the recovery rate is 93.3%. The experiment shows that the flotation bubble property is greatly improved and the flotation phosphate has a good promoting effect. The new flotation collector HZA-1 and HZA-2 is synthesized by reacting with ammonia, ammonia water and high pressure with chlorinated oleic acid as raw material (initial raw material oleic acid). The comparative flotation experiments were carried out with two kinds of collector. The results showed that ammonia was used as raw material to produce higher yield and better flotation performance. The synthesized HZA-2 can be used as amphoteric collector in flotation due to the presence of amino and carboxyl groups. The flotation and collection properties of Tongling ore samples and Yuxi ore samples were studied respectively. The test results show that both the positive and reverse floatation have better flotation performance. The synthetic collector HZA-2 is used as the test sample. The system analysis and test are carried out on the low grade ore sample of Mashan, and the experiment and optimization are carried out through the experiment and optimization. The optimum flotation conditions and properties were obtained. From the raw ore 14.96%, through the closed circuit flotation process of "one positive, one reverse and one sweep", the flotation indexes of concentrate grade 28.21, positive and tail grade 7.31, tail-sweeping 7.06 and concentrate recovery 70.05% are achieved. At the same time, the waste water used in the experiment is recycled and reused to separate the ore samples from the recovered acid water and backwater again, and the effect on flotation is studied. The test results show that both backwater and acid water have influence on the experiment. However, the effect on the small scale test is not significant. (4) based on the better flotation performance of Fomashan ore sample by HZA-2 and the flotation test of the small scale test system, the expanded tonnage test is carried out on the Fumashan ore sample. Same as the "one positive, one reverse, one sweep" process of small scale flotation. By adjusting the pharmaceutical system, the fine indexes of concentrate grade 28.88, positive grade 7.833% and tail-sweeping grade 7.61% are reached under closed circuit conditions, and at the same time compared with factory pharmaceutical cost, By using collector HZA-2, an average saving of 30.51 yuan per ton of concentrate is saved, which solves the technical problem of reaching the technical index of flotation at room temperature and reducing the cost of flotation.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD923.13

【相似文献】