胶磷矿反浮选脱镁捕收剂的开发与应用

发布时间：2018-06-06 17:08

本文选题：捕收剂 + 脱镁　；参考：《武汉工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：磷矿是一种重要的不可再生资源,既不可循环利用,在农业生产应用中也不可替代。随着对粮食产品的需求量增加,磷矿需求量也会长期保持增长。我国磷矿资源丰富,但随着磷矿资源的开发利用,富矿资源越来越少,具有贫细、杂特点的胶磷矿的开发利用迫在眉睫。由于白云石和含磷矿物具有相似的物理化学性质,从胶磷矿中分离出白云石成为磷矿选矿中的一个难点。选择性浮选分离出白云石成为处理这类磷矿石的有效途径。为了开发出一种能够从胶磷矿中选择性浮选分离出白云石的捕收剂,试验中用到了一系列表面活性剂与油酸钠复配。然后将开发出的复配捕收剂应用到放马山磷矿浮选试验和浮选柱浮选试验中,并对复配捕收剂的作用机理做了简单探讨。在捕收剂开发浮选试验中,用神龙架磷矿为样品。以表面活性剂A(油酸钠)为主体,与其它表面活性剂进行复配,所得复配混合物作为捕收剂。通过比较不同复配捕收剂的反浮选指标,确定了最佳复配捕收剂的成分以及它们的配比,并把该复配捕收剂命名为MG-1。在确定了复配捕收剂的基础上,考察了硫酸用量、加入硫酸后调浆时间以及温度对神龙架磷矿反浮选指标的影响。结果表明,该捕收剂在常温条件下性能较好,并且在硫酸用量为10kg/t,捕收剂用量为0.8kg/t的条件下,原矿品位23.60%,经过一次反浮粗选,获得了磷精矿品位32.26%,回收率84.41%的良好浮选指标。为了考察MG-1捕收剂的性能,将它应用在放马山磷矿浮选试验中。在放马山磷矿的浮选试验中,通过试验确定浮选工艺为正浮选一粗一精一扫,反浮选一粗一扫流程;在磨矿细度为小于0.074mm占97.67%,浮选常温,正浮粗选Na2CO3用量3.0kg/t,Na2SiO3用量4kg/t,捕收剂FMS用量0.6kg/t,正浮精选不加药,正浮选扫选捕收剂FMS用量0.2kg/t,反浮选粗选H2SO4用量12.0kg/t,捕收剂MG-1用量0.2 kg/t,反浮选扫选H2SO4用量2.0kg/t的条件下,原矿品位15.00%,获得了磷精矿品位28.69%,回收率80.73%的闭路浮选指标。将MG-1捕收剂应用于开发的新型浮选柱中进行浮选试验,在MG-1用量为0.8kg/t,硫酸用量8kg/t的条件下,经过一次反浮常温粗选,获得磷精矿品位32.74%,回收率81.72%的浮选指标。计算了复配捕收剂MG-1中各成分的HLB值,结果表明,表面活性剂A与B的混合物起到硫化矿捕收剂的作用,C可能起到发泡分散的作用,D可能起到分散、增溶的作用。通过形成胶束能力增效的计算和CMC值的比较,证实了复配捕收剂成分中两种阴离子型表面活性剂A与B之间存在胶束化增效作用,少量C的加入,能使AB二元混合物的CMC进一步降低,而少量C和D同时加入也能降低AB二元混合物的CMC。
[Abstract]:Phosphate rock is an important non-renewable resource, which can not be recycled and can not be replaced in agricultural production. With the increasing demand for grain products, phosphate rock demand will also maintain a long-term growth. China is rich in phosphate rock resources, but with the development and utilization of phosphate rock resources, there are fewer and less rich mineral resources. Because dolomite and phosphorus-bearing minerals have similar physical and chemical properties, the separation of dolomite from galophosphate has become a difficult point in phosphate ore processing. The selective flotation separation of dolomite is an effective way to treat this kind of phosphate rock. In order to develop a collector which can separate dolomite from selective flotation of colloidal phosphate, a series of surfactants combined with sodium oleate were used in the experiment. Then the developed compound collector was applied to the flotation test and flotation column flotation test of Qomashan phosphate mine, and the mechanism of the compound collector was discussed briefly. In the collector development flotation test, the Shenlongjia phosphate rock was used as the sample. The surfactant A (sodium oleate) was mixed with other surfactants and the compound mixture was used as collector. By comparing the reverse flotation indexes of different compounding collectors, the composition of the optimum compound collector and their ratio were determined, and the compound collector was named MG-1. Based on the determination of the compound collector, the effects of the amount of sulfuric acid, the blending time after the addition of sulfuric acid and the temperature on the reverse flotation index of Shenlongjia phosphate ore were investigated. The results showed that the collector had better performance at room temperature, and under the condition of 10 kg / t sulfuric acid and 0.8kg/t, the grade of raw ore was 23.600.After a rough flotation process, a good flotation index with a recovery of 84.41% and a grade of 32.26% was obtained. In order to investigate the properties of MG-1 collector, it was applied to flotation test of Qimashan phosphate ore. In the flotation test of Fengmashan phosphate ore, the flotation process is determined to be positive flotation with one coarse, one fine with one sweep, and reverse flotation with a coarse sweep, and the grinding fineness of less than 0.074mm is 97.67, and the flotation temperature is normal. The amount of Na _ 2CO _ 3 was 3.0 kg / t, the amount of collecting agent was 0.6 kg / t, the amount of flotation scavenging collector was 0.2 kg / t, the amount of H _ 2SO _ 4 was 12.0 kg / t, the amount of collector MG-1 was 0.2 kg / t, and the amount of H _ 2SO _ 4 was cleaned by reverse flotation. The grade of raw ore is 15.00, and the closed-circuit flotation index with a grade of 28.699.The recovery rate of 80.73% is obtained. The flotation test of MG-1 collector was carried out in a new type of flotation column. Under the condition of MG-1 dosage of 0.8 kg / t and sulfuric acid dosage of 8kg/t, the flotation index of phosphorus concentrate grade 32.74 and recovery rate 81.72% were obtained after one rough flotation at normal temperature. The HLB values of each component in the compound collector MG-1 were calculated. The results show that the mixture of surfactant A and B may play the role of sulphide collector and C may play the role of foaming and dispersing and D may play the role of dispersion and solubilization. Through the calculation of micelle ability and the comparison of CMC value, it is proved that there is micellization synergism between two kinds of anionic surfactants A and B in the compound collector, and a small amount of C is added. The CMC of AB binary mixture can be further reduced, and the CMC of AB binary mixture can also be reduced by adding a small amount of C and D at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD923.13

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