遥感技术在新疆达坂城冰草沟一带铀矿地质勘查中的应用

发布时间：2018-06-19 13:15

本文选题：遥感地质解译 + 蚀变信息提取　；参考：《新疆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：达坂城冰草沟一带地处准噶尔微板块与塔里木板块拼接地带北侧的博格达弧后拉张盆地,属于北天山铀成矿褶皱带博格达复背斜南翼,成矿条件得天独厚,成矿潜力巨大。但由于自然气候条件和地形条件较差,给铀矿地质矿产勘查工作造成了极大的困难,至今该区仍是铀矿地质矿产勘查程度较低的地区。本文以1:10万及邻区1:5万区域地质矿产调查成果资料为基础,运用遥感技术,利用ENVI、ERDAS、PCI等数据处理软件,对原始遥感数据进行预处理工作,为1:5万遥感地质解译与蚀变信息提取工作提供基础数据。本次研究成果可为野外合理部署工作量和工作重点提供依据,继而减少野外工作量,缩短工作时间,降低资金投入,有效地提高填图精度和质量。在达坂城冰草沟一带1:5万遥感地质解译过程中,将WorldView-2数据(分辨率0.5 m)与ETM+数据(多波段)配合使用,采用了几何校正、图像镶嵌、线性对比度拉伸、分辨率融合等一系列遥感图像增强处理方法,扩大了不同地质体间的反差,提高了遥感影像的可解译程度。根据遥感图像中岩性、地质体界线和地质构造的可识别程度,将研究区的遥感图像按照解译程度划分为三个等级。运用遥感图像目视解译方法原则,划分出本区内7个地层解译单元及4个岩体解译单元,根据野外路线地质调查的结果,建立并完善各自的遥感解译标志,同时借助计算机处理方法辅助解译,编制出达坂城冰草沟一带1:5万遥感地质解译图,解译结果和精度符合工作要求。采用“去干扰异常主分量门限化技术”,提取了研究区的“羟基”和“铁染”蚀变信息。利用ArcGIS平台数据集成的优势特点,将研究区蚀变信息、构造信息进行叠加,结合成矿带内典型矿床的控矿因素方面的分析,圈定了找矿潜力区,为下一步找矿工作指明了方向。
[Abstract]:Located in the northern side of the Junggar micro-plate and Tarim plate, the Bogda back-arc extensional basin is located in the area of Bingcaogou, Dabancheng. It belongs to the southern wing of the Bogda complex anticline in the North Tianshan uranium metallogenic fold belt. The metallogenic conditions are unique and the metallogenic potential is great. However, because of the poor natural climatic and topographic conditions, it has caused great difficulties to the exploration of uranium geology and mineral resources. Up to now, this area is still a low degree of uranium geological and mineral exploration area. Based on the results of geological and mineral survey of 1: 100,000 and adjacent areas of 1: 50, 000, this paper uses remote sensing technology and data processing software such as ENVIERDAS PCI to preprocess raw remote sensing data. It provides basic data for geological interpretation and alteration information extraction of 1: 50,000 remote sensing. The results of this study can provide the basis for the rational deployment of the workload and work emphasis in the field, and then reduce the workload in the field, shorten the working time, reduce the investment of funds, and effectively improve the mapping accuracy and quality. In the process of remote sensing geological interpretation of 1: 50,000 remote sensing in the Bingcaogou area of Dabancheng, the WorldView-2 data (0.5 m resolution) is used in conjunction with ETM data (multi-band). Geometric correction, image mosaic and linear contrast stretching are used. A series of remote sensing image enhancement methods such as resolution fusion expand the contrast between different geological bodies and improve the interpretation degree of remote sensing images. According to the lithology of remote sensing image, the boundary of geological body and the recognizable degree of geological structure, the remote sensing image of the study area can be divided into three grades according to the interpretation degree. Based on the principle of visual interpretation of remote sensing images, seven stratigraphic interpretation units and four rock mass interpretation units in this area are divided. Based on the results of field geological survey, remote sensing interpretation marks are established and perfected. At the same time, with the aid of computer processing method, the 1: 50 000 remote sensing geological interpretation map of Bingcaogou area of Dabancheng is compiled. The interpretation results and accuracy meet the requirements of the work. The "hydroxyl" and "iron stain" alteration information in the study area were extracted by using the "de-interference principal component threshold technique". Based on the advantages of ArcGIS platform data integration, the study area alteration information and structural information are superimposed. Combined with the analysis of ore-controlling factors of typical ore deposits in the metallogenic belt, the prospecting potential area is delineated, and the direction for the next prospecting work is pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P619.14

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