低品位铜炉渣高效浮铜试验研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 15:03

本文选题：铜炉渣 + 微细粒　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：火法熔炼每生产1吨精炼铜将会产生2.2吨左右的铜炉渣。这部分炉渣中铜的含量一般较高,但是相比于基数大的炉渣,其所占的比例已不适合继续采用熔炼方法加以回收利用。本论文以云南东川某冶炼厂产出的铜炉渣为研究对象,在对炉渣性质进行了详细深入研究的基础上,通过大量的选矿试验,确定了最终的浮选工艺流程和药剂制度。工艺矿物学表明,该铜炉渣含铜量低,含铜品位仅为0.44%,含铁品位28.73%,脉石矿物以石英为主,占矿石成分的31.74%。炉渣中的金属矿物主要以磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿为主,其次含斑铜矿、辉铜矿,颗粒微细。磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿主要以极微粒的他形晶粒星散浸染状较均匀地嵌布于非金属矿物的颗粒间隙中,斑铜矿、辉铜矿则与磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿连生成不规则的微粒状复合矿物颗粒。其主要结构构造呈粒状纤柱状结构、气孔构造。总的说来,该炉渣品位低、嵌布细、高分散,属低品位难选铜炉渣。试验针对该铜炉渣致密坚硬、难于磨碎的特性,进行了大量的试验研究,最终根据试验结果分析认为:在磨矿阶段,结合浮选工艺采用阶段磨矿——阶段选别的工艺流程是很有必要的,阶段磨选一方面可以配合易于解离的铜矿物实现“能收早收”;另一方面可以避免能耗上的浪费。在浮选的药剂制度上,使用组合捕收剂辅以活化剂硫酸铵和少量硫化钠的使用,在一定程度上提高了铜炉渣中铜矿物的回收效果。试验最终确定的工艺流程为..一段磨矿后进行粗选,粗选精矿再磨再选,经过三次精选产出的精矿产品为最终精矿,粗选尾矿经过两次扫选后进行抛尾,最终闭路试验产出的铜精矿品位为13.11%,回收率为49.46%。本论文通过对云南东川某冶炼厂铜炉渣的试验研究,以相对简单的工艺流程及药剂制度,实现了铜的高效回收,为同类难选炉渣的选矿回收提供了一定的参考依据。
[Abstract]:About 2.2 tons of copper slag will be produced for every 1 ton of refined copper produced by pyrometallurgical smelting. The content of copper in the slag is generally high, but compared with the slag with large cardinal number, the proportion of the slag is no longer suitable for recycling by smelting method. In this paper, the copper slag produced by a smelter in Dongchuan, Yunnan Province is taken as the research object. On the basis of the detailed and in-depth study of the slag properties, the final flotation process and the reagents system are determined through a large number of ore dressing tests. The process mineralogy shows that the copper content of the slag is low, the copper grade is only 0.44 and the iron grade is 28.733.The gangue mineral is mainly quartz, which accounts for 31.74% of the ore composition. The main metal minerals in slag are pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite followed by porphyrite chalcopyrite and fine particles. Pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, is mainly distributed in the intergranular space of nonmetallic minerals in the form of extremely fine allotropic grains, while the porphyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and pyrrhotite are connected to form irregular microgranular composite mineral particles. Its main structural structure is granular fibrous columnar structure and stomatal structure. Generally speaking, the slag is of low grade, fine intercalation and high dispersion, and belongs to low grade refractory copper slag. In view of the dense and hard properties of the copper slag, a large number of experimental studies have been carried out. Finally, according to the analysis of the test results, it is concluded that in the grinding stage, Combined with flotation process, it is necessary to adopt the process of stage grinding-stage separation. On the one hand, stage grinding and separation can cooperate with easily dissociated copper minerals to achieve "early recovery"; on the other hand, the waste of energy consumption can be avoided. In the flotation reagents system, the use of combined collector with activator ammonium sulfate and a small amount of sodium sulphide improves the recovery effect of copper ore in copper slag to a certain extent. The final process is. After one stage of grinding, the concentrate is regrinding and redressing. The concentrate product produced by three times cleaning is the final concentrate, and the tailings of rough dressing are cast out after twice cleaning. The final grade of copper concentrate produced by closed circuit test is 13.11 and the recovery rate is 49.46. Based on the experimental study of copper slag in a smelter in Dongchuan, Yunnan Province, this paper has realized the efficient recovery of copper with relatively simple technological process and medicament system, which provides a certain reference for the recovery of similar refractory slag.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD952

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