煤矿井下皮带运输系统优化控制研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 10:12

【摘要】：井下皮带运输系统是煤矿生产的主要能耗环节,它的能源利用效率直接关系着煤矿效益,影响着企业竞争力。而传统运行模式下,皮带机经常处于欠载甚至空载的运行状态,能源效率低下,造成大量的电能浪费。为了降低能源消耗,减少能源成本支出,必须对原有系统进行优化处理。首先,介绍了皮带机相关技术的国内外研究现状与应用前景,并指出了与国外相比,国产皮带机技术方面存在的差距。分析了现有皮带机运行模式存在的问题,并指出其中有较大的优化空间。起动过程会产生较大的冲击电流,对设备和电网造成严重的损害;多电机驱动功率不平衡问题,影响设备安全;欠载和空载运行会造成大量的电能损失,且加速了皮带的磨损。根据能源需求侧管理相关原理,以及现有模式的特点,结合电价制度,确定了“分时电价”下的“削峰填谷”“变频调速”优化策略。其次,根据ISO5048与DIN22101,分析皮带机运行受力情况,建立了皮带机系统功率数学模型,把所有参数归纳为4个系数,方便了优化计算。建立了灰色预测模型,用于产煤量预测计算;结合分时电价确定了最小电费成本的优化目标函数。针对优化过程存在模型失配与系统干扰影响控制精度的问题,引入了预测控制算法进行优化处理;它滚动优化的思想能有效消除误差,提高优化质量。然后,进行了系统优化仿真。仿真结果表明,与原有运行模式相比,优化后的皮带机系统能源消耗与能源成本均有很大程度的降低;皮带机运行更为平稳,减少了对机械设备以及电网的冲击,系统整体优化效果良好。最后,设计了优化控制系统硬件结构与软件控制流程。控制系统由DSP、变频器、煤仓料位计、以及转速传感器等部件组成;控制流程包括控制主流程、调速过程子流程、紧急情况处理流程、软起动流程以及功率平衡控制流程。
[Abstract]:The underground belt transportation system is the main link of energy consumption in coal mine production. Its energy utilization efficiency is directly related to the coal mine benefit and affects the competitiveness of the enterprise. However, under the traditional operation mode, the belt conveyor is often in the state of under-load or even no-load, so the energy efficiency is low, resulting in a large amount of electric energy waste. In order to reduce energy consumption and reduce energy cost, the original system must be optimized. Firstly, this paper introduces the research status and application prospect of belt machine technology at home and abroad, and points out the gap of domestic belt machine technology compared with foreign countries. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current belt machine operation mode, and points out that there is a large space for optimization. The starting process will produce large impulse current, which will cause serious damage to equipment and power grid; the power imbalance of multi-motor drive will affect the safety of equipment; underload and no-load operation will cause a lot of power loss, and accelerate the wear of belt. According to the principle of energy demand-side management and the characteristics of the existing mode, the optimization strategy of "cutting peak and filling valley" and "variable frequency speed regulation" under "time-sharing price" is determined in combination with the electricity price system. Secondly, according to the analysis of ISO5048 and DIN22101, the power mathematical model of belt conveyor system is established, and all the parameters are reduced to four coefficients, which is convenient for optimization calculation. The grey forecasting model is established for the prediction of coal production and the optimal objective function of the minimum electricity cost is determined by combining the time-sharing electricity price. In order to solve the problem that model mismatch and system interference affect the control accuracy in the optimization process, a predictive control algorithm is introduced to deal with the optimization, which can effectively eliminate the error and improve the optimization quality. Then, the system optimization simulation is carried out. The simulation results show that compared with the original operation mode, the energy consumption and energy cost of the optimized belt conveyor system are greatly reduced, and the belt machine runs more smoothly, which reduces the impact on mechanical equipment and power grid. The overall optimization effect of the system is good. Finally, the hardware structure and software control flow of the optimal control system are designed. The control system is composed of DSP, inverter, coal bunker level gauge and speed sensor, and the control flow includes main control flow, speed regulation process sub-flow, emergency handling flow, soft start process and power balance control flow.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD634.1

【参考文献】