一维动静组合载荷下不同埋深石英片岩力学特性研究
发布时间：2018-09-04 12:39
【摘要】：深部岩体的开采过程实际上是岩石在受到地应力的静载荷作用下又受到爆破应力动载荷作用的破坏过程,本文以中国博士后基金项目(2014M562529XB)为依托,以锡铁山铅锌矿深部高应力开采工程为研究背景,采用RMT-150C岩石力学试验系统和SHPB试验装置,通过单轴压缩试验、常规冲击试验和一维动静组合加载试验对锡铁山铅锌矿不同埋深石英片岩的静态与动态力学特性进行研究,并利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA大型有限元分析软件对试验结果进行验证与补充,为锡铁山铅锌矿深部矿柱开采的爆破方案设计和地质灾害预防工作提供一定参考,帮助矿山解决目前面临的炸药单耗大、爆破边界难以控制、部分巷道随开采深度加深和爆破次数增多出现片帮现象等问题。主要研究内容及成果如下:(1)通过对不同埋深石英片岩的单轴压缩试验和常规冲击试验发现,岩石的静载抗压强度和动态抗压强度都随着埋深的增加而增大,并且在相同埋深的情况下,岩石的动态抗压强度高于静载抗压强度。(2)在一维动静组合加载试验中频繁多次小入射能量的撞击下,试件吸收能量和反射能量稳定在较小的数值范围内,能量大部分以透射方式释放,试件能保持很好的完整性,表明在锡铁山铅锌矿深部高应力开采环境下,控制好每次爆破的装药量,尽量减小动力扰动,可以很好的保证矿柱和围岩的稳定性,减小地质灾害发生。(3)通过数值模拟发现,施加轴向静压后岩石会发生变形,内部储存一定弹性应变能,增加岩石动态抗压强度,当轴向静压小于40MPa时,动态抗压强度随轴向静压的增加而增大,当轴向静压超过40MPa以后,会引起岩石产生微裂纹,发生微观破坏,动态抗压强度又随之降低。(4)在锡铁山铅锌矿的生产过程中,当开采深度小于1428m时,随着埋深的增加,岩石内部孔隙在地应力作用下被压缩的越紧密,动态抗压强度越高,当开采深度超过1428m后,地应力过大,岩石裂纹发生扩展贯通,动态抗压强度降低,因此锡铁山铅锌矿在开采超过1428m深的矿柱时可以考虑减少炸药量,节约生产成本,减小动力扰动。(5)岩石吸收能量同样随着轴向静压的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,吸收能量在轴向静压为35MPa时达到最大,在轴向静压大于59.9MPa时,岩石不再吸收能量,甚至开始释放自身储存的弹性能,为岩爆提供了一定必要条件,因此矿柱承受的垂直地应力达到59.9MPa后,锡铁山铅锌矿要小心岩爆现象的发生。
[Abstract]:The mining process of deep rock mass is actually the failure process of rock under static load of ground stress and dynamic load of blasting stress. This paper is based on China Post-doctoral Foundation Project (2014M562529XB). Under the background of deep high stress mining engineering in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine, RMT-150C rock mechanics test system and SHPB test device were adopted, and uniaxial compression test was carried out. The static and dynamic mechanical properties of quartz schist with different buried depths in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine were studied by conventional impact test and one-dimensional static and dynamic combined loading test. The test results were verified and supplemented by ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. It provides a certain reference for the blasting scheme design and geological hazard prevention work of deep pillar mining in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine, and helps the mine to solve the problem that the explosive unit consumption is large and the blasting boundary is difficult to control. With the deepening of mining depth and the increase of blasting times, some roadways appear the phenomenon of slit. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) through uniaxial compression test and conventional impact test of quartz schist with different buried depths, it is found that the static compressive strength and dynamic compressive strength of rock increase with the increase of buried depth. At the same buried depth, the dynamic compressive strength of rock is higher than that of static load. (2) under the impact of frequent multiple small incident energy in one-dimensional dynamic and static loading test, the dynamic compressive strength of rock is higher than that of static load. The absorption and reflection energy of the specimen is stable in a small range, and most of the energy is released by transmission, and the specimen can maintain a good integrity, which indicates that in the environment of high stress mining in the deep part of Xitieshan lead-zinc mine, Controlling the charge of each blasting well and minimizing the dynamic disturbance can ensure the stability of pillar and surrounding rock and reduce the occurrence of geological hazard. (3) through numerical simulation, it is found that the rock will deform after applying axial static pressure. The internal storage of elastic strain energy increases the dynamic compressive strength of rock. When the axial static pressure is less than 40MPa, the dynamic compressive strength increases with the increase of axial static pressure. When the axial static pressure exceeds 40MPa, the rock will produce microcracks. In the production process of Xitieshan lead-zinc mine, when the mining depth is less than 1428m, with the increase of buried depth, the internal pores of the rock are compressed more closely under the action of in-situ stress. The higher the dynamic compressive strength is, when the mining depth is more than 1428m, the ground stress is too large, the rock crack is propagated through, and the dynamic compressive strength is reduced. Therefore, the Xitieshan lead-zinc mine may consider reducing the amount of explosive when mining the pillar more than 1428m deep. (5) the absorption energy of rock increases first and then decreases with the increase of axial static pressure. The absorption energy reaches the maximum when the axial static pressure is 35MPa, and when the axial static pressure is larger than 59.9MPa, the absorption energy of rock increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of axial static pressure. The rock no longer absorbs energy and even begins to release its own stored elastic energy, which provides a necessary condition for rock burst. Therefore, after the vertical stress of the pillar reaches 59.9MPa, the occurrence of rockburst in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine should be taken care of.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD853.3
本文编号：2222127
[Abstract]:The mining process of deep rock mass is actually the failure process of rock under static load of ground stress and dynamic load of blasting stress. This paper is based on China Post-doctoral Foundation Project (2014M562529XB). Under the background of deep high stress mining engineering in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine, RMT-150C rock mechanics test system and SHPB test device were adopted, and uniaxial compression test was carried out. The static and dynamic mechanical properties of quartz schist with different buried depths in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine were studied by conventional impact test and one-dimensional static and dynamic combined loading test. The test results were verified and supplemented by ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. It provides a certain reference for the blasting scheme design and geological hazard prevention work of deep pillar mining in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine, and helps the mine to solve the problem that the explosive unit consumption is large and the blasting boundary is difficult to control. With the deepening of mining depth and the increase of blasting times, some roadways appear the phenomenon of slit. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) through uniaxial compression test and conventional impact test of quartz schist with different buried depths, it is found that the static compressive strength and dynamic compressive strength of rock increase with the increase of buried depth. At the same buried depth, the dynamic compressive strength of rock is higher than that of static load. (2) under the impact of frequent multiple small incident energy in one-dimensional dynamic and static loading test, the dynamic compressive strength of rock is higher than that of static load. The absorption and reflection energy of the specimen is stable in a small range, and most of the energy is released by transmission, and the specimen can maintain a good integrity, which indicates that in the environment of high stress mining in the deep part of Xitieshan lead-zinc mine, Controlling the charge of each blasting well and minimizing the dynamic disturbance can ensure the stability of pillar and surrounding rock and reduce the occurrence of geological hazard. (3) through numerical simulation, it is found that the rock will deform after applying axial static pressure. The internal storage of elastic strain energy increases the dynamic compressive strength of rock. When the axial static pressure is less than 40MPa, the dynamic compressive strength increases with the increase of axial static pressure. When the axial static pressure exceeds 40MPa, the rock will produce microcracks. In the production process of Xitieshan lead-zinc mine, when the mining depth is less than 1428m, with the increase of buried depth, the internal pores of the rock are compressed more closely under the action of in-situ stress. The higher the dynamic compressive strength is, when the mining depth is more than 1428m, the ground stress is too large, the rock crack is propagated through, and the dynamic compressive strength is reduced. Therefore, the Xitieshan lead-zinc mine may consider reducing the amount of explosive when mining the pillar more than 1428m deep. (5) the absorption energy of rock increases first and then decreases with the increase of axial static pressure. The absorption energy reaches the maximum when the axial static pressure is 35MPa, and when the axial static pressure is larger than 59.9MPa, the absorption energy of rock increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of axial static pressure. The rock no longer absorbs energy and even begins to release its own stored elastic energy, which provides a necessary condition for rock burst. Therefore, after the vertical stress of the pillar reaches 59.9MPa, the occurrence of rockburst in Xitieshan lead-zinc mine should be taken care of.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD853.3
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