基于STM32平台的采煤机电气控制器的设计与实现
发布时间：2018-09-19 12:53
【摘要】：采煤机作为实现煤矿生产机械化和现代化的重要设备,能够有效提高煤炭产量和开采效率。采煤机电气控制器作为采煤机内最主要的自动化设备,它的性能及可靠性对整个采煤机的生产效率有着直接的影响。采煤机控制器需要安装在机体内狭小的控制箱中,对控制器体积有严格的限制,且工作时周围存在多台频繁启动的大功率电机,存在较强的电磁干扰。随着电牵引采煤机的广泛使用,控制对象比以往更加复杂,对控制器的性能提出了更高要求。目前辽源煤矿使用的采煤机控制器存在功能相对简单、走线繁琐、输入输出接口有限及扩展性较差的问题,因此研究开发一种高性能、有较强的可靠性及抗干扰能力的采煤机控制器,使其能够在复杂的电磁环境下稳定运行,具备多路数据采集功能并且能够提供完善的保护措施,对于提高采煤机的生产效率具有非常大的现实意义。本文的主要工作是开发出以嵌入式芯片STM32F107VCT为核心的采煤机电气控制器。论文首先简述了滚筒式采煤机的工作过程、采煤机电气控制器的工作环境及控制对象,然后列出了控制器的功能需求,并分析了采煤机电气控制器在设计时的技术难点和特殊要求。最终设计出的控制器采用分布式总线结构,硬件上按功能分为主控制板、数据采集板以及牵引电机控制板,完成了采煤机控制器全部的硬件和软件设计。由于采煤机控制器的控制对象较多,且工作环境恶劣,因此本控制器在设计时也充分考虑抗干扰能力和对各电机的保护措施。该控制器不但克服了以单片机为核心的控制器性能不足、外设资源紧张等问题,而且和传统的PLC控制器相比,具有更多的数据采样接口和更高的转换速率,能够对多台三相电机的每一相电流进行检测,并提供更完善的保护功能。本文最后详细叙述了在设计与调试中出现过的问题和具体的解决方法。控制器最终在模拟现场完成了对各项功能的测试,均达到设计要求,充分说明了该控制器设计方案的可行性和实用性。
[Abstract]:As an important equipment to realize mechanization and modernization of coal production, shearer can effectively improve coal production and mining efficiency. The electrical controller of shearer is the main automatic equipment in shearer. Its performance and reliability have a direct impact on the production efficiency of the whole shearer. The controller of the shearer needs to be installed in the small control box of the body, which has strict limits on the volume of the controller, and there are many high power motors which are frequently started in the working environment, and there is strong electromagnetic interference (EMI). With the wide use of electric haulage shearer, the control object is more complex than ever before, and the performance of controller is required higher. At present, the coal miner controller used in Liaoyuan coal mine has the problems of relatively simple function, cumbersome wiring, limited input and output interface and poor expansibility. The shearer controller with strong reliability and anti-interference ability can operate stably in complex electromagnetic environment, have multi-channel data acquisition function and provide perfect protection measures. It is of great practical significance to improve the production efficiency of shearer. The main work of this paper is to develop the electrical controller of shearer based on embedded chip STM32F107VCT. Firstly, the working process of drum shearer, the working environment and control object of electrical controller of shearer are briefly introduced, and then the functional requirements of the controller are listed. The technical difficulties and special requirements in the design of shearer electrical controller are analyzed. Finally, the controller is designed with distributed bus structure, the hardware is divided into main control board, data acquisition board and traction motor control board according to its function. All the hardware and software design of the controller is completed. Because the controller of shearer has many control objects and bad working environment, the anti-interference ability and the protective measures for each motor are also fully taken into account in the design of the controller. The controller not only overcomes the problems of low performance and shortage of peripheral equipment resources, but also has more data sampling interface and higher conversion rate than the traditional PLC controller. It can detect each phase current of three-phase motor and provide better protection function. At the end of this paper, the problems and solutions in design and debugging are described in detail. Finally, the controller has completed the test of each function in the simulation field, and all of them meet the design requirements, which fully explains the feasibility and practicability of the design scheme of the controller.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD421.6
[Abstract]:As an important equipment to realize mechanization and modernization of coal production, shearer can effectively improve coal production and mining efficiency. The electrical controller of shearer is the main automatic equipment in shearer. Its performance and reliability have a direct impact on the production efficiency of the whole shearer. The controller of the shearer needs to be installed in the small control box of the body, which has strict limits on the volume of the controller, and there are many high power motors which are frequently started in the working environment, and there is strong electromagnetic interference (EMI). With the wide use of electric haulage shearer, the control object is more complex than ever before, and the performance of controller is required higher. At present, the coal miner controller used in Liaoyuan coal mine has the problems of relatively simple function, cumbersome wiring, limited input and output interface and poor expansibility. The shearer controller with strong reliability and anti-interference ability can operate stably in complex electromagnetic environment, have multi-channel data acquisition function and provide perfect protection measures. It is of great practical significance to improve the production efficiency of shearer. The main work of this paper is to develop the electrical controller of shearer based on embedded chip STM32F107VCT. Firstly, the working process of drum shearer, the working environment and control object of electrical controller of shearer are briefly introduced, and then the functional requirements of the controller are listed. The technical difficulties and special requirements in the design of shearer electrical controller are analyzed. Finally, the controller is designed with distributed bus structure, the hardware is divided into main control board, data acquisition board and traction motor control board according to its function. All the hardware and software design of the controller is completed. Because the controller of shearer has many control objects and bad working environment, the anti-interference ability and the protective measures for each motor are also fully taken into account in the design of the controller. The controller not only overcomes the problems of low performance and shortage of peripheral equipment resources, but also has more data sampling interface and higher conversion rate than the traditional PLC controller. It can detect each phase current of three-phase motor and provide better protection function. At the end of this paper, the problems and solutions in design and debugging are described in detail. Finally, the controller has completed the test of each function in the simulation field, and all of them meet the design requirements, which fully explains the feasibility and practicability of the design scheme of the controller.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD421.6
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