大型液压铲上车回转驱动系统及特性研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 15:48

【摘要】：大型液压铲是露天矿山开采和大型工程施工广泛采用的装备,但国内所用一直依赖进口,2008年太原重工开始研发国内首台机重260 t,斗容15 m~3的液压铲。上车回转是液压铲最频繁的动作,每个作业循环都要进行两次加减速,如果回转系统设计不好,就会引起液压系统严重发热,影响机器作业效能。为了缩短国内首台液压铲的研发周期,在实际系统制造之前充分了解其运行特性,分析对比开式回路和闭式回路设计方案的优劣,确定液压系统元器件的规格和参数,采用机械系统动力学仿真软件ADAMS和机电系统仿真软件AMESim联合,建立所研制液压铲整机的联合仿真模型,仿真机器实际运行工况下,两种回路方案的运行和能效特性,通过分析对比,确定采用电液比例控制的双闭式回路并联驱动上车回转,使用电液比例泵直接控制回转马达,消除系统节流损失。同时,为简化回路,利用自身配置的先导泵对闭式回路进行补油。进一步研究了上车转动惯量大范围变化对回转特性的影响,确定了加减速时间与回转角度的关系,设计出完整的电液回转系统,并应用到所研发的机器中。试车试验和现场试验测试表明,所设计的电液比例双闭式回转回路能够在转动惯量大范围变化的情况下,控制上车平稳加减速,直接回收利用回转制动动能,发热小,连续长时间作业。
[Abstract]:Large hydraulic shovel is widely used in open-pit mining and large engineering construction, but domestic use has been dependent on imports. In 2008, Taiyuan heavy Industry began to develop the first domestic hydraulic shovel with a capacity of 15 mm3, weighing 260 t. It is the most frequent action of hydraulic shovel to get on the train and rotate. Every operation cycle must be accelerated and decelerated twice. If the rotary system is not well designed, it will cause serious heating of hydraulic system and affect the machine working efficiency. In order to shorten the research and development cycle of the first hydraulic shovel in China, the operating characteristics of the first hydraulic shovel are fully understood before the actual system is manufactured, and the advantages and disadvantages of the open and closed circuit design schemes are analyzed and compared, and the specifications and parameters of the hydraulic system components are determined. By using the mechanical system dynamics simulation software ADAMS and the electromechanical system simulation software AMESim, the joint simulation model of the developed hydraulic shovel is established. Under the actual operating conditions of the machine, the operation and energy efficiency characteristics of the two circuit schemes are simulated. Through the analysis and comparison, it is determined that the double closed circuit with electro-hydraulic proportional control is used to drive the car and rotate in parallel, and the electro-hydraulic proportional pump is used to control the rotary motor directly to eliminate the throttling loss of the system. At the same time, in order to simplify the loop, the self-configured pilot pump is used to fill the closed circuit. The influence of the large range variation of the moment of inertia on the rotary characteristics of the vehicle is further studied. The relationship between the acceleration and deceleration time and the angle of rotation is determined, and a complete electro-hydraulic rotary system is designed and applied to the developed machine. The test results and field tests show that the electro-hydraulic proportional double closed rotary loop can control the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle, recover the kinetic energy of the rotary brake directly, and reduce the heat under the condition of wide variation of the moment of inertia. Work continuously for a long time.
【作者单位】：太原理工大学新型传感器与智能控制教育部与山西省重点实验室;太原重工股份有限公司技术中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1510206，，51575374)
【分类号】：TD422.4

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