上向反井钻机承压钻具运行稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 18:42

【摘要】：上向反井钻机是以机械破岩为基础、钻进方向由下向上的钻进设备。钻进过程中井帮与钻杆之间存在很大间隙,钻杆承受轴向压力、重力和扭力的作用,容易失去稳定。为使上向反井钻机钻进过程保持稳定,需对上向反井钻机承压钻具运行稳定性进行研究。基于弹性力学、材料力学理论,对上向反井钻机的钻具进行了受力分析,运用能量法进行了钻杆稳定临界力公式的理论推导,用ANSYS有限元软件对钻杆进行了数值模拟,具体研究内容及取得的成果如下:对上向反井钻机"先导后扩向上钻进"模式中导孔过程进行分析,通过增加稳定钻杆改变钻杆约束条件的措施,提高钻杆稳定性;对扩孔过程和"导扩同时向上钻进"模式进行分析,针对钻杆外径与井帮之间存在过大间距的问题,提出在钻杆上增设稳定器,从而改变钻杆的约束条件,提高钻杆稳定临界力大小,增加钻杆的稳定性。通过对钻杆所受约束的简化、分析,推导出钻具(包含自重)的临界力公式,代入钻杆的材料力学参数,求解出稳定器的合理布设位置,设计安放在钻杆上的稳定器结构。根据钻杆临界力公式,找出影响钻杆稳定性的因素,并分析出各因素的影响程度。通过有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立了钻杆模型,并对无稳定器钻杆进行了模态分析。根据钻杆不同位置的变形规律,确定稳定器的安放位置,并与理论安放位置进行了对比分析。在钻石矿山竖直向上的槽孔施工过程中,依据能量法原理推导出的结果在钻杆上布置稳定器,保证了上向反井钻机在现场成功钻进,并取得了很好的效果,即在保证钻杆稳定的同时,有效避免了偏斜率增大。说明在钻杆上增设稳定器的方法是可行的,为今后上向反井钻机钻杆稳定的研究提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:The upwardly reverse drilling rig is based on mechanical rock breaking and the drilling direction is downwards and upward. During drilling, there is a large gap between the well side and the drill pipe. The drill pipe is easy to lose stability because of the action of axial pressure, gravity and torsion. In order to keep the drilling process stable, the operation stability of the pressure drilling tools of the upside-down drilling rig should be studied. Based on the theory of elasticity and material mechanics, this paper analyzes the force on the drill tool of the upside-down drilling rig, deduces the theoretical formula of the stability critical force of the drill pipe by using the energy method, and simulates the drill pipe numerically by using the ANSYS finite element software. The concrete research contents and the results obtained are as follows: the process of the guide hole in the "leading back expansion upward drilling" mode of the upwardly reverse drilling rig is analyzed, and the stability of the drill pipe is improved by increasing the measures of changing the constraint condition of the drill pipe by adding the stable drill pipe; This paper analyzes the process of hole expansion and the mode of "simultaneous upward drilling by conducting and expanding". Aiming at the problem of excessive spacing between the outer diameter of drill pipe and the hole top, it is proposed that a stabilizer is added to the drill pipe to change the constraint conditions of the drill pipe. Improve the critical force of drill pipe stability and increase the stability of drill pipe. By simplifying the constraint of drill pipe, the critical force formula of drill pipe (including self-weight) is deduced, the material mechanics parameter of drill pipe is substituted in, the reasonable placement position of stabilizer is solved, and the stabilizer structure is designed. According to the formula of the critical force of drill pipe, the factors influencing the stability of drill pipe are found out, and the influence degree of each factor is analyzed. The drill pipe model was established by the finite element analysis software ANSYS, and the modal analysis of the drill pipe without stabilizer was carried out. According to the deformation law of drill pipe in different positions, the position of stabilizer is determined and compared with the theoretical position. In the construction of vertical and upward grooves in diamond mines, stabilizers are arranged on the drill pipes according to the results derived from the principle of energy method, which ensures the successful drilling of the upside-down drilling rig on the spot and achieves good results. That is, to ensure the stability of the drill pipe, and effectively avoid the increase of deflection rate. The method of adding stabilizer to drill pipe is feasible, which provides the theoretical basis for the research of drill pipe stability in the future.
【学位授予单位】：煤炭科学研究总院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD421.3

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