上行开采上组煤层底板跨采上山合理层位及稳定性研究
发布时间：2018-11-18 09:17
【摘要】：我国很多矿区面临着资源枯竭的问题,为了高效合理地回收剩余资源,大多数的矿井都优先考虑跨上(下)山回采的形式。此方式有助于减少巷道的掘进量特别是底板巷道的开掘,从而达到节约生产成本的良好效果。然而上(下)山在未受跨采影响时,巷道维护状况良好,一旦受到程度剧烈的跨采动压影响后,巷道维护变得十分困难。因此,如何控制跨上山巷道围岩稳定性就成为生产过程中亟需解决的问题。作为本文工程研究背景的海孜煤矿83采区下山巷道受736工作面跨采扰动影响,且巷道处在下部10煤回采后的采空区上方,围岩外部环境恶劣。本文采取理论分析、数值模拟、相似试验及现场实测等多种方法探究了在下部煤层开采后的采空区上方,下山巷道的合理布置区域;跨采时的多种因素对巷道围岩稳定性的影响程度,同时针对动压巷道的不同变形破坏情况提出了合理的加固措施,并得到现场检验。本文的主要研究成果如下:(1)通过对下部10煤开采覆岩破坏的力学分析和覆岩运移规律的数值模拟,得出采空区覆岩"两带高度"和卸压范围。(2)构建采动支承应力增量力学模型,分析了超前和侧向支承压力在底板中的传播规律,并依据塑性理论分析出7煤工作面底板破坏范围。从岩石强度和支护结构角度对围岩破裂范围的的主要影响因素进行分析,并探讨了跨采不同阶段巷道变形破坏情况。(3)通过数值模拟,对比分析了不同掘进位置巷道围岩的稳定性,估测出巷道布置的合理位置。运用数值模拟对比分析了 10煤开采前、后巷道受7煤跨采扰动过程中的围岩稳定性影响程度,得出了巷道所处不同空间位置、巷道围岩的岩性不同以及与周边巷道的不同位置关系时巷道围岩变形破坏和应力分布演化特征。结果表明:巷道与工作面距离愈近、巷道围岩岩性愈差、与周边巷道的相距愈近,巷道围岩的变形破坏程度愈严重;10煤开采前、后下山巷道受采动影响的整体演变规律基本一致,但10煤开采后应力集中较小,而围岩变形程度较小。通过相似模拟试验进一步论证了巷道在7煤跨采时各种影响因素对巷道围岩的作用效应。(4)基于理论、数值分析和相似试验的结论并结合现场实际情况,在保证经济合理的支护效果的前提下,提出了以注浆+顶板吊梁锚索为主的分巷道分区段的不同加固措施。经过跨采期间的现场观测显示此加固措施对巷道变形的控制取得了良好效果。
[Abstract]:Many mining areas in China are faced with the problem of resource depletion. In order to recover surplus resources efficiently and reasonably, most mines give priority to the form of mining up (or down) mountains. This method is helpful to reduce the tunneling quantity, especially to the floor roadway, and to achieve the good effect of saving the production cost. However, when the upper (lower) mountain is not affected by the cross mining, the roadway maintenance condition is good, once it is affected by the severe cross mining pressure, the roadway maintenance becomes very difficult. Therefore, how to control the stability of roadway surrounding rock becomes an urgent problem in the production process. The downhill roadway in No. 83 mining area of Haizi Coal Mine, which is the background of the engineering research in this paper, is affected by the overpass mining disturbance of 736 working face, and the roadway is above the goaf after 10 coal mining in the lower part, and the external environment of surrounding rock is bad. In this paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, similarity test and field measurement are adopted to explore the reasonable layout of roadway above the goaf and downhill after mining in the lower coal seam. The influence of various factors on the stability of surrounding rock of roadway is discussed. At the same time, the reasonable reinforcement measures are put forward for different deformation and failure of dynamic pressure roadway, and the site inspection is obtained. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) through mechanical analysis and numerical simulation of overburden rock failure in the bottom 10 coal mining, The "two zone height" and the pressure relief range of overburden in goaf are obtained. (2) the mechanical model of mining support stress increment is constructed, and the propagation law of leading and lateral supporting pressure in the bottom plate is analyzed. According to the plastic theory, the failure range of the floor of No. 7 coal face is analyzed. The main influencing factors of surrounding rock fracture range are analyzed from the angle of rock strength and support structure, and the deformation and failure of roadway in different stages of cross mining are discussed. (3) through numerical simulation, The stability of surrounding rock of roadway in different driving position is analyzed, and the reasonable position of roadway arrangement is estimated. By using numerical simulation, the influence degree of surrounding rock stability of the roadway before and after 10 coal mining is analyzed, and the different space position of the roadway is obtained. The characteristics of deformation, failure and stress distribution of surrounding rock of roadway are different when the lithology of surrounding rock is different and the relationship between surrounding rock and surrounding roadway is different. The results show that the closer the distance between roadway and working face, the worse the lithology of roadway surrounding rock, the closer the distance between roadway and surrounding roadway, the more serious the degree of deformation and destruction of roadway surrounding rock. Before coal mining, the overall evolution law of the roadway under the influence of mining movement is basically the same, but the stress concentration is smaller and the surrounding rock deformation degree is smaller after coal mining. The effects of influence factors on surrounding rock mass of roadway during coal mining of No. 7 coal seam are further demonstrated by similar simulation test. (4) based on the conclusion of theory, numerical analysis and similar test, and combined with the actual situation of the site, the effect of various factors on the surrounding rock of roadway is further demonstrated. On the premise of ensuring economical and reasonable supporting effect, different reinforcement measures of roadway are put forward, which are based on grouting roof beam and anchor cable. Field observation during cross-mining shows that the reinforcement measures have achieved good results in controlling roadway deformation.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD322.4
本文编号：2339608
[Abstract]:Many mining areas in China are faced with the problem of resource depletion. In order to recover surplus resources efficiently and reasonably, most mines give priority to the form of mining up (or down) mountains. This method is helpful to reduce the tunneling quantity, especially to the floor roadway, and to achieve the good effect of saving the production cost. However, when the upper (lower) mountain is not affected by the cross mining, the roadway maintenance condition is good, once it is affected by the severe cross mining pressure, the roadway maintenance becomes very difficult. Therefore, how to control the stability of roadway surrounding rock becomes an urgent problem in the production process. The downhill roadway in No. 83 mining area of Haizi Coal Mine, which is the background of the engineering research in this paper, is affected by the overpass mining disturbance of 736 working face, and the roadway is above the goaf after 10 coal mining in the lower part, and the external environment of surrounding rock is bad. In this paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, similarity test and field measurement are adopted to explore the reasonable layout of roadway above the goaf and downhill after mining in the lower coal seam. The influence of various factors on the stability of surrounding rock of roadway is discussed. At the same time, the reasonable reinforcement measures are put forward for different deformation and failure of dynamic pressure roadway, and the site inspection is obtained. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) through mechanical analysis and numerical simulation of overburden rock failure in the bottom 10 coal mining, The "two zone height" and the pressure relief range of overburden in goaf are obtained. (2) the mechanical model of mining support stress increment is constructed, and the propagation law of leading and lateral supporting pressure in the bottom plate is analyzed. According to the plastic theory, the failure range of the floor of No. 7 coal face is analyzed. The main influencing factors of surrounding rock fracture range are analyzed from the angle of rock strength and support structure, and the deformation and failure of roadway in different stages of cross mining are discussed. (3) through numerical simulation, The stability of surrounding rock of roadway in different driving position is analyzed, and the reasonable position of roadway arrangement is estimated. By using numerical simulation, the influence degree of surrounding rock stability of the roadway before and after 10 coal mining is analyzed, and the different space position of the roadway is obtained. The characteristics of deformation, failure and stress distribution of surrounding rock of roadway are different when the lithology of surrounding rock is different and the relationship between surrounding rock and surrounding roadway is different. The results show that the closer the distance between roadway and working face, the worse the lithology of roadway surrounding rock, the closer the distance between roadway and surrounding roadway, the more serious the degree of deformation and destruction of roadway surrounding rock. Before coal mining, the overall evolution law of the roadway under the influence of mining movement is basically the same, but the stress concentration is smaller and the surrounding rock deformation degree is smaller after coal mining. The effects of influence factors on surrounding rock mass of roadway during coal mining of No. 7 coal seam are further demonstrated by similar simulation test. (4) based on the conclusion of theory, numerical analysis and similar test, and combined with the actual situation of the site, the effect of various factors on the surrounding rock of roadway is further demonstrated. On the premise of ensuring economical and reasonable supporting effect, different reinforcement measures of roadway are put forward, which are based on grouting roof beam and anchor cable. Field observation during cross-mining shows that the reinforcement measures have achieved good results in controlling roadway deformation.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD322.4
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