德兴铜矿废石产酸规律研究
[Abstract]:Metal mines and coal mining meet the growing energy and resource needs of industrial society, but also lead to some environmental problems, the most prominent of which is acid mine wastewater (AMD, acid mine drainage). On the one hand, acid wastewater exists in most mines all over the world, on the other hand, it can be produced in open pit, mine, waste rock and tailings. This paper mainly does three aspects of work. The first part is the static evaluation of the waste rock of Dexing Copper Mine with different abandoned years (1 / 5 / 10 and 20 years). The second part is a nine-month leaching experiment to dynamically monitor the release of pH, EC and heavy metal ions Cu,Zn,Fe,Pb and S042- during the acid production of waste rock to reveal the long-term acid production law of waste rock. In the third part, chemical composition analysis and metal ion speciation analysis were carried out before and after the experiment. According to the changes of the total amount of metal in the waste rock and the changes of each form before and after the experiment, the long-term mechanism, law and environmental impact of acid production from waste rock were inferred. On this basis, the environmental pollution risk assessment of waste rock is carried out in order to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of mine acid wastewater. The static evaluation results show that all the waste rocks have produced acid except for one year waste rock, the ABA and NAG tests show that all the waste rocks have acidogenic potential in four years, and the reason why the waste stone does not produce acid in one year is due to the high content of internal neutralization and substance. The dynamic leaching experiments showed that the pH and conductivity of waste rock leaching solution were negatively correlated in each year, and the accumulative amount of Cu,Zn,Fe,Pb,SO42 was the highest in 5 and 10 years. The amount of Ca2 leaching in waste rock was the highest in one year, which was related to the large amount of neutralization reaction in the waste rock, and the accumulative release of F from waste rock in 4 years was close, which may be due to the insensitivity of F release to pH. In the acid waste water produced by waste rock in Dexing Copper Mine, Cu,Zn,Pb is potentially harmful to the environment, and no acid waste water has been leached from the waste rock during the experimental period in one year. The oxidation rate of waste rock decreased because of the decrease of sulfide mineral content in 5 years and the acid production peak in 10 years due to the decrease of neutralization substances. The chemical speciation of the main heavy metal elements was analyzed by BCR method. Pb,Cu,Zn mainly existed in the form of residual state and Fe in the form of oxidable state and residual state. Soil accumulation index method and risk evaluation code method (RAC) were used to evaluate the pollution risk of waste rock. According to the changes of leaching amount of metals in the leaching process, it is considered that the evaluation results of RAC method are closer to reality, but it is also possible to underestimate the risk of waste rock. The evaluation results of RAC can be corrected by metal effective state content, and the risk of acid production of waste rock can be evaluated more accurately.
【学位授予单位】:北京林业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:X751
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