基于时效性充填进路采矿采场围岩稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-11-24 11:46

【摘要】：和睦山铁矿是一个典型的软岩矿区,其复杂的火成岩成岩环境,导致其围岩内赋存有大量软弱破碎带与高度发育的节理裂隙,且有高膨胀性的泥化闪长岩穿插其中?采矿进路随着时间的累积与工作面的推进变形破坏严重,显现出明显的时间与空间效应?因此,软岩进路变形破坏的时间与空间效应是矿井开采中不可忽视的现象?诸多研究表明,对于具有流变特性的软岩进路,很多时候其最终的变形破坏往往不是因为围岩的强度不足,而是由于岩体发生过大的蠕变变形导致的?针对采矿进路流变破坏问题,基于基本物理实验、蠕变试验和数值模拟等方法,从多个方面对基于时效性充填进路采矿采场围岩的稳定性进行研究,在此基础上进行基于时效性的进路支护优化,并将研究成果应用到了工程实践中。论文获得了以下主要研究成果:(1)针对和睦山铁矿-235 m水平矿岩和充填体试样,进行常规三轴压缩试验,研究试样在常规三轴试验下强度与变形破坏特征,分析试样弹性模量、峰值应变和残余强度与围压的关系,得到了矿岩和充填体的基本物理参数。(2)以和睦山矿岩常规三轴实验为基础,进行矿岩试样分级加载蠕变试验,研究和睦山铁矿矿岩基于时效性的破坏强度和变形特征,研究其蠕变速率与围压关系,通过分析岩石蠕变的破坏规律,建立了符合和睦山岩石蠕变规律的蠕变模型,并通过数学软件Origin进行回归分析,拟合获得了和睦山铁矿矿岩蠕变参数。(3)基于FLAC3D数值模拟软件,对和睦山铁矿采矿进路不同工况下的围岩稳定性进行研究,得到了不同工况下进路围岩基于时效性的位移演化规律。研究了不同采矿进路开挖回采顺序对围岩稳定性的交互影响规律,分析了不同进路开挖回采顺序下采场围岩应力?应变和位移变化规律,获得了基于时效性进路最优开挖回采顺序?分析了基于时效性不同分层充填开采进路开挖充填后的交互影响对采场整体围岩稳定性影响规律。(4)运用上文研究成果,对和睦山铁矿基于时效性进路支护参数进行优化,提出基于不同围岩和不同服务年限的支护建议表。并对-235 m进路不同支护类型下进路围岩变形规律进行模拟分析,优化了进路支护参数,确定了最合适的支护方式为顶支护帮支护四根锚杆,并通过了现场工程试验验证。
[Abstract]:Hushan Iron Mine is a typical soft rock mining area, with its complex igneous environment, resulting in a large number of weak broken zones and highly developed joints and fractures in its surrounding rock. With the accumulation of time and the serious deformation and destruction of the working face, the mining approach shows obvious time and space effects. Therefore, the time and space effect of soft rock roadway deformation and destruction is a phenomenon that can not be ignored in mine mining. Many studies show that the ultimate deformation and failure of soft rock paths with rheological properties are often caused not by insufficient strength of surrounding rock, but by excessive creep deformation of rock mass. Based on the basic physical experiment, creep test and numerical simulation, this paper studies the stability of surrounding rock in mining stope based on time-efficiency filling. On the basis of this, the route support optimization based on timeliness is carried out, and the research results are applied to engineering practice. The main research results are as follows: (1) the conventional triaxial compression tests are carried out for the samples of Hushan Iron Mine -235 m horizontal ore and filling bodies, and the strength and deformation failure characteristics of the specimens under the conventional triaxial test are studied. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the elastic modulus, peak strain and residual strength and confining pressure, the basic physical parameters of ore rock and backfill are obtained. (2) based on the conventional triaxial tests of Hushan ore samples, the creep tests of ore samples under graded loading are carried out. This paper studies the failure strength and deformation characteristics of Hushan iron ore rock based on time-efficiency, studies the relationship between creep rate and confining pressure, and establishes a creep model which accords with the creep law of Hushan rock by analyzing the failure law of rock creep. The creep parameters of Hushan Iron Mine are obtained by regression analysis with the mathematical software Origin. (3) based on the FLAC3D numerical simulation software, the stability of surrounding rock under different working conditions in the mining route of Hushan Iron Mine is studied. The displacement evolution law of the surrounding rock under different working conditions based on time efficiency is obtained. This paper studies the interaction law of mining sequence of different mining entry road excavation on the stability of surrounding rock, and analyzes the surrounding rock stress of stope under different excavation and mining sequence of different entry road. Based on the variation of strain and displacement, the optimal mining sequence of excavation based on time-efficiency approach is obtained. This paper analyzes the interaction effect on the stability of surrounding rock of stope after excavation and filling in different stratified filling mining based on time-effect. (4) based on the above research results, the parameters of Heshan Iron Mine based on time-efficient road support are optimized. The supporting suggestion table based on different surrounding rock and different service life is put forward. The deformation law of surrounding rock under different supporting types of -235 m entry road is simulated and analyzed, the parameters of entry support are optimized, and the most suitable supporting method is determined as four bolting rods of roof support and side support, and it has been verified by field engineering test.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD861.1;TD353

【参考文献】