贵州万山汞矿区某农田土壤重金属污染特征及来源解析

发布时间：2018-12-06 15:35

【摘要】：研究采集万山汞矿区典型农田土壤样品,分析测试其Hg、As、Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni含量,利用综合污染指数法、地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法评估农田土壤的污染状况及生态风险,结合相关分析和主成分分析解析农田土壤中重金属的来源。结果表明,该农田土壤Hg、As、Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni的平均含量分别为4.29、117.6、0.43、59.06、48.99、43.77、29.13、18.80 mg kg~(-1)。土壤重金属综合污染指数为7.16,表明该农田土壤重金属重度污染,其中100%的位点Hg、As重度污染,66.7%的位点Pb轻度污染,25%的位点Cd轻度污染。土壤重金属的综合潜在生态危害指数为469.0,生态风险强,Hg对综合潜在生态危害指数的贡献率为78.30%,是该农田土壤生态风险的主要来源。该农田中重金属的来源包括:交通运输源、矿业污染源、农业污染源和自然活动源,主要污染物Hg来源于矿业活动,As来源于交通运输和矿业活动,Cd来源于农业活动,Pb来源于交通运输。
[Abstract]:The typical farmland soil samples in Wanshan Mercury Mining area were collected, the Hg,As,Cd,Cr,Pb,Cu,Zn,Ni content was analyzed and tested, and the comprehensive pollution index method was used. Soil accumulation index method and potential ecological hazard index method were used to evaluate the pollution status and ecological risk of farmland soil. The sources of heavy metals in farmland soil were analyzed by correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The results showed that the average content of Hg,As,Cd,Cr,Pb,Cu,Zn,Ni in the field soil was 4.29117.6C 0.43C 59.06U 48.9m 43.729.13C 18.80 mg kg~ (-1), respectively. The comprehensive pollution index of heavy metals in the soil was 7.16, indicating that heavy metals in the farmland were seriously polluted, among which 100% of the sites were seriously polluted by Hg,As, 66.7% of the sites were slightly polluted by Pb, and 25% of the sites of Cd were slightly polluted. The comprehensive potential ecological hazard index of soil heavy metals is 469.0, and the ecological risk is strong. The contribution rate of Hg to the comprehensive potential ecological hazard index is 78.30, which is the main source of soil ecological risk in this field. The sources of heavy metals in the farmland include: transportation source, mining pollution source, agricultural pollution source and natural activity source, the main pollutant Hg comes from mining activity, As comes from transportation and mining activity, Cd comes from agricultural activity. Pb comes from transportation.
【作者单位】：中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所);贵州大学农学院;铜仁学院;
【基金】：中国科学院重点部署项目(KFZD-SW-304、KFJ-EW-ZY-005) 贵州省矿区土壤环境科学与技术院士工作站项目资助
【分类号】：X53;X753

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