地表移动变形随煤层倾角及地表坡度变化规律的数值模拟分析

发布时间：2018-12-06 18:49

【摘要】：煤炭作为一种重要能源,在工业发展中起着至关重要的作用,但是在煤炭的开采过程中会产生一系列地质灾害、生态环境等隐患,其中由煤炭开采引起的地表移动造成的损害尤为严重,如地下水污染枯竭、地表开裂、道路坍塌等。影响煤炭开采引起的地表移动变形规律的因素有很多,本文从煤层倾角及地表坡度两方面进行分析,力求寻找其在地表移动与变形过程中的影响规律。为了能够更好的分析移动变形在岩层内部沿岩层传递的规律,本文总结了地表移动变形基本理论及地表移动变形指标,以山西某矿23103工作面的地形地质及采矿实际条件为基础,分别以地表坡度0?,对应煤层倾角0?、6?、12?;煤层倾角6?,对应地表坡度6?、10?、15?;以及地表坡度及煤层倾角0?、6?、12?构建了不同的FLAC~(3D)地质体模型,从走向主断面下沉、倾向主断面下沉及水平移动三方面进行分析,并设置7次煤层开挖(每次开挖50m)研究地表移动变形的动态过程。得出以下结论:1.煤层倾角对地表移动的影响:(1)在第二次开挖时(50~100m),下沉及水平移动开始波及至地表,并且随着开采的推进,最大下沉和水平移动值逐渐变大;(2)煤层倾角在0?~12?范围增大时,走向主断面下沉云图呈对称的多层拱形;倾向主断面下沉及水平移动云图对称性变差,影响范围向上山方向偏移,而最大下沉值却朝下山方向偏移;(3)当煤层倾角增大(0?~12?)时,同一开挖阶段主断面上的最大下沉值存在减小趋势;倾向主断面上的水平移动在上山方向有减小趋势,在下山方向有增大趋势。2.地表坡度对地表移动的影响:(1)地表坡度增大(6?~15?)时,走向主断面下沉云图形态一致,呈多层分布的对称拱形;倾向主断面下沉云图的对称性变差,同时相比于下坡方向,上坡方向的影响区域有逐渐增大的趋势,但是上坡方向的最大水平移动值小于上坡方向;(2)地表坡度的增大(6?~15?)时,同一开挖阶段主断面上的最大下沉值及最大水平移动值都存在减小趋势。3.地表坡度及煤层倾角对地表移动的综合影响:(1)煤层倾角及地表坡度增大(0?~12?)时,主断面最大下沉值在前三次开挖时有减小趋势,后三次开挖时有增大趋势,且最大值越往上山方向偏移。(2)随着煤层倾角及地表坡度在0?到12?间逐渐增大时,倾向主断面下沉云图的对称性越来越差,越往上山方向偏移;倾向主断面上的水平移动最大值在上山方向第二、第三次开挖时有减小趋势,而在后三次开挖时有增大趋势;在下上方向从第二到第六次开挖逐渐增加。
[Abstract]:As an important energy source, coal plays a vital role in industrial development. However, a series of geological disasters, ecological environment and other hidden dangers will occur in the process of coal mining. The damage caused by surface movement caused by coal mining is especially serious, such as groundwater pollution depletion, surface cracking, road collapse and so on. There are many factors that affect the law of surface movement and deformation caused by coal mining. This paper analyzes the two aspects of coal seam inclination and surface slope in order to find its influence law in the process of surface movement and deformation. In order to better analyze the law of moving deformation transfer along the rock stratum, this paper summarizes the basic theory of surface movement and deformation and the index of surface movement deformation, which is based on the topographic, geological and mining conditions of 23103 face in a certain mine in Shanxi Province. The surface slope is 0 ~ 0, corresponding to the coal seam dip angle 0 ~ (6) ~ (12) ~ (th); The slope of the coal seam is 6o, corresponding to the slope of the earth's surface, and the slope of the surface and the angle of the coal seam are 6 / 12? Different FLAC~ (3D) geological body models were constructed and analyzed from three aspects: towards main section subsidence, inclined main section subsidence and horizontal movement, and 7 times of coal seam excavation (50 m each time) were set up to study the dynamic process of surface movement and deformation. The following conclusions are drawn: 1. The influence of coal seam inclination on surface movement: (1) during the second excavation (50 ~ 100m), the subsidence and horizontal movement began to spread to the surface, and with the development of mining, the maximum subsidence and horizontal movement gradually increased; (2) the inclined angle of coal seam is 12? When the range increases, the cloud map of the main section tends to be symmetrical and multi-layer arch shape, the symmetry of the main section sinking and the horizontal moving cloud map becomes worse, the influence range is shifted up the mountain direction, but the maximum subsidence value is shifted downhill direction. (3) when the inclined angle of coal seam increases (0?) At the same excavation stage, the maximum subsidence value of the main section decreased, and the horizontal movement of the main section tended to decrease in the uphill direction and increase in the downhill direction. 2. The influence of surface slope on surface movement: (1) the increase of surface slope (6 ~ 15?) At the same time, the shape of the sinking cloud map along the main section is the same, and it is a symmetrical arch with multi-layer distribution. At the same time, compared with the downhill direction, the influence area of the upward slope direction has the tendency of increasing gradually, but the maximum horizontal movement value of the upward slope direction is smaller than that of the uphill slope direction. (2) the increase of surface slope (6 ~ 15?) At the same excavation stage, the maximum subsidence value and the maximum horizontal movement value of the main section have a decreasing trend. 3. Comprehensive influence of Surface Slope and Coal seam inclination on Surface Movement: (1) increase of Coal seam inclination and Surface Slope (0 / 12?) The maximum subsidence value of the main section decreases during the first three excavations, and increases during the latter three excavations. (2) with the inclination of the coal seam and the slope of the surface, the maximum is shifted to the uphill direction. (2) with the inclination of the coal seam and the slope of the surface at 0? To twelve? When the interval increases gradually, the symmetry of the submergence cloud map of the main section tends to be worse and worse, and the migration is more and more uphill. The maximum value of horizontal movement on the main section is the second in the uphill direction, decreasing in the third excavation, and increasing in the latter three excavations, and increasing gradually in the lower upper direction from the second to the sixth excavation.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD325

【相似文献】