胶磷矿双反浮选的药剂与工艺研究

发布时间：2018-12-24 14:37

【摘要】：我省是磷矿资源大省,但近几年受困于产能过剩,国内市场趋于饱和,多家磷化工企业出现亏损。根据《2015年关税实施方案》,磷肥的出口成本会有所下降,显示了政府鼓励磷肥出口的立场。现阶段正是充分利用中低品位磷矿选矿试剂技术的开发,来实现产业结构的优化升级,突破磷资源企业发展瓶颈的好时机。本文以菜籽油为原料,合成了新型阴离子脱镁捕收剂CZ-3;针对大峪口地区胶磷矿,采用双反浮选工艺,进行了系统的条件试验、闭路试验和中试试验;并通过红外光谱、Zeta电位等测试手段深入研究了CZ-3的作用机理。药剂组合试验,通过药剂组合的条件对比试验确定了新型捕收剂CZ-3的最终配方,发现将菜籽油与硬脂酸钠按4∶6混合,并添加捕收剂用量6%的表面活性剂BK,可以产生良好的协同作用,取得较高的浮选指标;文中比较了CZ-3与MG-7在不不同温度下的浮选指标,发现在低温环境下,CZ-3可以获得比MG-7更好的精矿品位和回收率。浮选工艺试验,以新合成的CZ-3为捕收剂浮选大峪口地区胶磷矿。试验矿样属沉积型磷块岩,矿石类型为硅钙质胶磷矿,有用矿物是磷酸盐矿物,与其伴生的脉石矿物主要有石英、长石、白云石和方解石等。据多元素分析结果,该矿样P2O5品位低,含量仅16.41%,SiO2(28.64%)和MgO(4.35%)的含量都比较高。通过双反浮选试验,确立最佳工艺流程为:脱镁一粗一精三扫;脱硅一粗一精一扫;在最佳药剂制度下,可得到精矿P2O5品位28.35%、回收率82.30%的良好指标,主要脉石矿物MgO和SiO2的含量分别降低至0.90%和3.85%,达到磷化工原料的品质要求。中试试验取得72小时连续试验结果,P2O5/%为17.86%的原矿经双反浮处理后,精矿P2O5品位达到了28.97%,回收率77.15%,同时MgO/%由4.47%下降至2.28%,脱镁和脱硅尾矿的P2O5/%分别为7.12%和8.38%。药剂CZ-3能很好的适应中试试验环境,其耐低温、药剂消耗量小的优点得到进一步的验证;通过脱泥斗和消泡剂的共同作用,阳离子脱硅的泡沫现象得到了较大的改善。红外光谱图显示,CZ-3是含有较长碳直链的有机化合物,其分子结构中含有羟基(—OH)官能团和羧基(—COO—)官能团;在酸性条件下,CZ-3可以牢固的吸附在在白云石表面,并能提供疏水基团,从而使白云石的可浮性大大增强。Zeta电位研究显示,胶磷矿和白云石在纯水中的零电点分别为4.1,和6.5,加入CZ-3后,两种矿物的Zeta电位均有降低,但白云石的Zeta电位下降幅度明显更大,说明CZ-3对白云石的吸附能力大于其对胶磷矿的吸附,因此能有效地分离两种矿物。
[Abstract]:Our province is a big province of phosphate rock resources, but in recent years, it is trapped in overcapacity, the domestic market tends to saturation, and many phosphorous chemical enterprises suffer losses. According to the tariff implementation Plan 2015, the cost of phosphate fertilizer export will be reduced, indicating the government's position to encourage the export of phosphate fertilizer. At the present stage, it is a good time to make full use of the technology of mineral processing reagent of medium and low grade phosphate rock to realize the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and to break through the bottleneck of the development of phosphorus resource enterprises. In this paper, a new anionic demagnesium collector CZ-3; was synthesized from rapeseed oil as raw material. In this paper, conditions tests, closed circuit tests and pilot-scale tests were carried out for the binophosphate rock in Dayukou area by double reverse flotation process. The action mechanism of CZ-3 was studied by infrared spectrum and Zeta potential. The final formula of the new collector CZ-3 was determined by the contrast test of the conditions of pharmaceutical combination. It was found that the mixture of rapeseed oil and sodium stearate was 4:6, and the amount of collector was 6%. The surfactant BK, was added. A good synergistic effect can be produced and a higher flotation index can be obtained. The flotation indexes of CZ-3 and MG-7 at different temperatures are compared. It is found that CZ-3 can obtain better concentrate grade and recovery than MG-7 at low temperature. Flotation process test, using new synthetic CZ-3 as collector, flotation of colloidal phosphate rock in Dayukou area. The test samples belong to sedimentary phosphorite, the ore type is silicon-calcareous cementophosphate, and the useful mineral is phosphate mineral. The gangue minerals associated with it are mainly quartz, feldspar, dolomite and calcite. According to the results of multielement analysis, the P2O5 grade of the sample is low, and the content of 16.41% SiO2 (28.64%) and MgO (4.35%) are relatively high. Through the double reverse flotation test, the optimum technological process is established as follows: demagnesium removal, desilication, and desilication. Under the optimum reagent system, a good index of P2O5 grade of concentrate 28.3535 and recovery of 82.30% can be obtained. The contents of MgO and SiO2 of main gangue minerals are reduced to 0.90% and 3.85% respectively, which meet the quality requirements of phosphorus chemical raw materials. The results of 72 hours continuous test were obtained in the pilot test. The P2O5 grade of the concentrate reached 28.97, the recovery rate was 77.15%, and the MgO/% decreased from 4.47% to 2.28% after the original ore with P _ 2O _ 5 /% 17.86% was treated with double reverse floatation. The P _ 2O _ 5 /% of demagnesium and desilication tailings were 7.12% and 8.38%, respectively. The advantages of low temperature resistance and low medicament consumption were further verified, and the foam phenomenon of cationic desilication was greatly improved by the joint action of desilting bucket and defoaming agent. Infrared spectra showed that CZ-3 was an organic compound with long carbon chain, and its molecular structure contained hydroxyl (- OH) functional groups and carboxyl (- COO-) functional groups. Under acidic conditions, CZ-3 can be firmly adsorbed on the surface of dolomite and can provide hydrophobic groups, thus greatly enhancing the floatability of dolomite. The zero electric points of colloid phosphate rock and dolomite in pure water were 4.1 and 6.5 respectively. After adding CZ-3, the Zeta potential of both minerals decreased, but the Zeta potential of dolomite decreased more obviously. The results show that the adsorption ability of CZ-3 to dolomite is greater than that of binophosphate, so it can effectively separate the two minerals.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD97;TD923.1

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