“两宽一高”地震采集技术工业化应用的进展

发布时间：2018-12-26 13:42

【摘要】：宽方位、宽频带、高密度(简称"两宽一高")地震采集技术在解决低信噪比地区勘探、复杂地质体成像、岩性勘探以及精细油气藏描述与监测等勘探难题方面具有明显的技术优势,但是要推广应用该技术还需要克服震源与采集两大制约因素。为此,探讨了影响"两宽一高"地震勘探技术工业化应用的两个制约因素——宽频信号源的激发与可控震源的高效采集技术,以期大幅降低陆上宽方位、高密度地震采集的作业成本,使之经济可行。在对可控震源宽频激发技术特点进行分析和有针对性设计扫描信号的基础上,对可控震源高效采集技术的智能化施工方案、用户定制同步激发方法、队伍的高效作业管理以及海量地震数据质量控制与管理等方面进行了细化和优化,并结合地震采集与处理的实际应用效果,展示了该技术工业化应用的良好前景。结论认为:(1)以新一代低频可控震源为核心的宽频地震激发技术解决方案、以野外地震作业管理系统和海量地震数据质控与管理系统为核心的可控震源高效采集技术解决方案,有效地破解了上述技术瓶颈,"两宽一高"地震勘探技术已经具有了可接受的性价比;(2)该技术能在成本可接受的情况下极大地改进地震资料的成像效果、提高油气勘探的预测精度,值得推广应用。
[Abstract]:Wide azimuth, wide band, high density (referred to as "two wide and one high") seismic acquisition technology in solving the problem of low signal-to-noise ratio area exploration, complex geological body imaging, Lithologic exploration and fine oil-gas reservoir description and monitoring have obvious technical advantages, but in order to popularize this technique, we must overcome the two restrictive factors of seismic source and acquisition. In order to reduce the wide azimuth on land, two restricting factors affecting the industrial application of "two wide, one high" seismic exploration technology, namely, the excitation of wide frequency signal source and the high efficiency acquisition technology of vibroseis, are discussed in order to greatly reduce the wide azimuth on land. The operation cost of high density seismic acquisition makes it economic and feasible. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of vibroseis wide frequency excitation technology and the targeted design of scanning signal, the user customizes the synchronous excitation method for the intelligent construction scheme of vibroseis high efficiency acquisition technology. The high efficient operation management of the team and the quality control and management of massive seismic data are refined and optimized. Combined with the practical application effect of seismic acquisition and processing, the good prospect of industrialization application of this technology is shown. The conclusions are as follows: (1) based on the new generation of low frequency vibroseis, the solution of broadband seismic excitation technology is presented. Based on the field seismic management system and the mass seismic data quality control and management system as the core, the vibroseis high efficiency acquisition technology solution has effectively solved the technical bottleneck mentioned above. The "two widths, one high" seismic exploration technology has already had the acceptable performance-price ratio; (2) this technique can greatly improve the imaging effect of seismic data and improve the prediction accuracy of oil and gas exploration under the condition of acceptable cost. It is worth popularizing and applying.
【作者单位】：中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司;
【基金】：“十三五”国家科技重大专项“陆上宽频高密度地震勘探配套技术”(编号:2017ZX05018003) 中国石油天然气集团公司科研专项“物探重大技术现场试验与集成配套”(编号:2017D-35)
【分类号】：P631.4

【相似文献】