对絮凝剂作用下矿山尾矿沉降规律的研究

发布时间：2019-01-01 12:13

【摘要】：矿山尾矿作为含有丰富稀有资源的二次可被再利用资源,既是宝贵的财富,也是影响全球环境问题的潜在因素,其合理的处理与利用将给社会带来很大的福利。本文围绕絮凝剂作用下尾矿沉降速率的变化规律这一课题展开研究。主要内容包括以下三个方面。(1)在以往国内外研究成果的基础上,选取不同矿区不同矿物质回收作业中,不同实验仪器、实验材料、实验方法得到的实验数据,借助Excel、Origin等其他数据处理软件,分析尾矿作业中添加的絮凝剂种类、絮凝剂剂量、矿浆的浓度、PH值、温度对尾矿沉降速率的影响规律。(2)重点分析絮凝剂对沉降速率和沉降效果的影响,通过不同种类的絮凝剂、同种絮凝剂不同用量对尾矿沉降的影响规律,得出在考虑经济条件下混合絮凝剂是较适合快速沉降的最佳选择,至于各絮凝剂的最佳剂量范围则依尾矿、絮凝剂不同而差别较大。(3)依据分析所得的数据图,应用钱宁教授《泥沙运动力学》的理论基础,建立简单、合理的尾矿沉降速率计算公式,通过具体的计算,分析对比该理论计算结果与实验数据的差别,验证其在尾矿处理工程中的可行性。并对该公式进行简单的积分运算,求的沉降中上清液高度的计算公式,以便在今后尾矿矿选工程中的广泛应用。本文通过以上研究得到影响尾矿速降的因素主要有添加的絮凝剂种类、絮凝剂剂量、矿浆的浓度、PH值、温度等,它们对沉降速率的影响趋势整体一致,即随着它们的增大沉降速率也在不断增加,但当其增加到临界值后沉降速率不在受这些因素的影响。在各类影响因素中絮凝剂的影响最大,能有效地提高尾矿的沉降,尤其是目前应用较多的混合絮凝剂。通过简单的计算分析,得出应用泥沙运动力学的理论基础建立的沉降速率计算公式较为合理,并将其积分运算所得上清液高度(h1)-沉降时间(t)之间的关系与实验研究结果相对比,验证该公式的可行性。从而实现高效率低成本的尾矿处理。
[Abstract]:Mine tailings, as a reusing resource rich in rare resources, is not only a precious wealth but also a potential factor affecting global environmental problems. Its reasonable treatment and utilization will bring great welfare to the society. This paper focuses on the study of the variation of tailings settlement rate under the action of flocculant. The main contents include the following three aspects. (1) on the basis of the previous domestic and foreign research results, the experimental data obtained from different mineral recovery operations in different mining areas, different experimental instruments, experimental materials and experimental methods are selected, and the experimental data are obtained by means of Excel,. Origin and other data processing software are used to analyze the kinds of flocculants added in tailings operation, the dosage of flocculants, the concentration of pulp, the PH value, and so on. The influence of temperature on the settling rate of tailings. (2) the influence of flocculant on settling rate and settling effect was analyzed, and the effects of different flocculants and the same amount of flocculant on the settlement of tailings were analyzed. It is concluded that mixing flocculant is the best choice for rapid settlement under the consideration of economic conditions, and the optimum dosage range of each flocculant is different according to tailings. (3) according to the data diagram, A simple and reasonable formula for calculating tailing settlement rate is established based on Professor Qian Ning's Theory of sediment Movement Mechanics. Through concrete calculation, the difference between the theoretical calculation results and the experimental data is analyzed and compared. Verify its feasibility in tailings treatment project. A simple integral operation is carried out to calculate the height of supernatant in settlement, so that it can be widely used in tailings separation engineering in the future. In this paper, the factors influencing the tailing speed drop are found to be the type of flocculant, the dosage of flocculant, the concentration of slurry, PH value, temperature and so on. That is to say, with the increase of their sedimentation rate, the settlement rate is not affected by these factors when they increase to the critical value. The flocculant is the most influential factor, which can effectively increase the settlement of tailings, especially the mixed flocculant which is widely used at present. Through simple calculation and analysis, it is concluded that the calculation formula of settlement rate based on the theory of sediment movement mechanics is more reasonable. The relationship between supernatant height (H1) and settling time (t) was compared with the experimental results, and the feasibility of the formula was verified. In order to achieve high efficiency and low cost of tailings treatment.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD926.4

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