低品位铝土矿强化分散及浮选试验研究
发布时间：2019-01-15 07:39
【摘要】：本论文以河南登封地区铝硅比为2.7左右的低品位铝土矿为研究对象,通过强化分散试验,提高铝土矿浮选效果。论文对实验矿样进行了工艺矿物学分析,矿石中氧化铝含量52.33%,二氧化硅含量19.55%,铝硅比2.68;矿石中有用矿物是一水硬铝石,含量38.35%,脉石矿物主要是高岭石、伊利石等粘土类矿物。一水硬铝石与高岭石、伊利石、石英等嵌布关系复杂,需要细磨才能实现有效解离,细磨过程细颗粒明显增多,给浮选过程中矿粒的分散以及与药剂的结合增加了困难。在工艺矿物学分析基础上,对低品位铝土矿进行了实验室强化分散试验。考察了搅拌转速与搅拌时间、p H值、分散剂(硅酸钠、磷酸盐类、复合分散剂、大分子淀粉)、金属离子(Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+、Al3+、Fe3+)浓度等对铝土矿分散的影响;试验结果表明,当p H=10,六偏磷酸钠用量40mg/L时,铝土矿分散率达到46.99%。论文探讨了p H值、金属离子、碳酸钠、六偏磷酸钠等对铝土矿表面电位的影响,分析了铝土矿分散效果与表面动电位之间的关系,得出结论:铝土矿表面动电位绝对值越大,颗粒间静电自由能增加,铝土矿分散效果越好。在分散试验的基础上,开展了实验室铝土矿浮选试验,试验结果表明,一段粗选,添加碳酸钠3000g/t+六偏磷酸钠40g/t,分散率提高到49.11%,精矿铝硅比4.29,Al2O3回收率77.07%。Ca2+、Mg2+影响较大,浓度偏高会抑制铝土矿的分散,导致浮选效果变差。一粗两精开路流程,当入选矿石铝硅比为2.82时,精矿铝硅比达到6.47,Al2O3回收率59.76%,闭路后铝硅比6.05,Al2O3回收率增加至69.67%。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the low grade bauxite with about 2.7 Al-Si ratio in Dengfeng area of Henan Province is taken as the research object. The flotation effect of bauxite is improved by strengthening the dispersion test. The technological mineralogical analysis of experimental ore samples shows that the content of alumina in ore is 52.33, the content of silica is 19.555.The ratio of aluminum to silicon is 2.68; The useful minerals in the ore are diaspore with content of 38.35.The gangue minerals are mainly kaolinite, Illite and other clay minerals. The relationship between diaspore and kaolinite, Illite, quartz and so on is complex, so it needs fine grinding to realize effective dissociation. Fine particles increase obviously during fine grinding, which makes it difficult to disperse ore particles and combine with reagent in flotation process. On the basis of process mineralogy analysis, laboratory intensive dispersion test of low grade bauxite was carried out. The effects of stirring speed, stirring time, p H value, dispersant (sodium silicate, phosphate, compound dispersant, macromolecular starch) and metal ions (Ca2, Mg2, Fe2, Al3, Fe3) on the dispersion of bauxite were investigated. The results show that when the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is 10 and the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is 40mg/L, the dispersion rate of bauxite can reach 46.99%. The influence of pH value, metal ion, sodium carbonate, sodium hexametaphosphate on the surface potential of bauxite is discussed. The relationship between the dispersion effect of bauxite and the surface dynamic potential is analyzed. The conclusion is that the greater the absolute value of bauxite surface dynamic potential is, The higher the electrostatic free energy between particles, the better the dispersion effect of bauxite. On the basis of dispersion test, laboratory bauxite flotation test was carried out. The results showed that the dispersion rate increased to 49.11% and the ratio of aluminum to silicon in concentrate was 4.29 when the sodium carbonate was added to 40 g / t of sodium 3000g/t hexametaphosphate in one stage of coarse separation. The recovery rate of Al2O3, 77.07%.Ca2 and Mg2 have great influence, and the high concentration will restrain the dispersion of bauxite, and lead to the worse flotation effect. When the ratio of aluminium to silicon of ore is 2.82, the ratio of aluminum to silicon of concentrate reaches 6.47% Al _ 2O _ 3 recovery of 59.76%, and the ratio of Al _ 2O _ 3 to Si _ 2O _ 3 of 6.05% increases to 69.67% after closed circuit.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD952
本文编号：2409004
[Abstract]:In this paper, the low grade bauxite with about 2.7 Al-Si ratio in Dengfeng area of Henan Province is taken as the research object. The flotation effect of bauxite is improved by strengthening the dispersion test. The technological mineralogical analysis of experimental ore samples shows that the content of alumina in ore is 52.33, the content of silica is 19.555.The ratio of aluminum to silicon is 2.68; The useful minerals in the ore are diaspore with content of 38.35.The gangue minerals are mainly kaolinite, Illite and other clay minerals. The relationship between diaspore and kaolinite, Illite, quartz and so on is complex, so it needs fine grinding to realize effective dissociation. Fine particles increase obviously during fine grinding, which makes it difficult to disperse ore particles and combine with reagent in flotation process. On the basis of process mineralogy analysis, laboratory intensive dispersion test of low grade bauxite was carried out. The effects of stirring speed, stirring time, p H value, dispersant (sodium silicate, phosphate, compound dispersant, macromolecular starch) and metal ions (Ca2, Mg2, Fe2, Al3, Fe3) on the dispersion of bauxite were investigated. The results show that when the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is 10 and the amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is 40mg/L, the dispersion rate of bauxite can reach 46.99%. The influence of pH value, metal ion, sodium carbonate, sodium hexametaphosphate on the surface potential of bauxite is discussed. The relationship between the dispersion effect of bauxite and the surface dynamic potential is analyzed. The conclusion is that the greater the absolute value of bauxite surface dynamic potential is, The higher the electrostatic free energy between particles, the better the dispersion effect of bauxite. On the basis of dispersion test, laboratory bauxite flotation test was carried out. The results showed that the dispersion rate increased to 49.11% and the ratio of aluminum to silicon in concentrate was 4.29 when the sodium carbonate was added to 40 g / t of sodium 3000g/t hexametaphosphate in one stage of coarse separation. The recovery rate of Al2O3, 77.07%.Ca2 and Mg2 have great influence, and the high concentration will restrain the dispersion of bauxite, and lead to the worse flotation effect. When the ratio of aluminium to silicon of ore is 2.82, the ratio of aluminum to silicon of concentrate reaches 6.47% Al _ 2O _ 3 recovery of 59.76%, and the ratio of Al _ 2O _ 3 to Si _ 2O _ 3 of 6.05% increases to 69.67% after closed circuit.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD952
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