余华寺矿区塌陷坑尾矿干堆条件下深部开采技术研究

发布时间：2019-02-14 18:44

【摘要】：随着生产的持续进行余华寺矿区尾矿库逐渐接近库容上限，尾矿的排放以及深部矿体的开采成为矿山面临的主要难题。为了有效的回收资源，矿山决定-340m之上矿体进行强采，之后利用塌陷坑堆存尾矿，同时选择合理的采矿方案进行深部矿体的开采。由于余华寺矿区工程地质条件复杂，采用相似模拟试验与数值模拟计算相结合的方法，研究尾矿干堆条件下深部开采的可行性。首先，利用相似模拟试验的方法，分别模拟尾矿干堆后采用无底柱分段崩落法与上向进路充填法开采深部矿体，分析得出采用上向进路充填法更加安全可靠；其次，依据余华寺矿区雨季暴雨多的特点，进行了不同降雨条件下尾矿干堆后深部开采模拟，结果表明为防止暴雨侵袭，尾矿干堆排放需要采取一定的加固措施；再次，利用数值模拟的优势，，模拟-340m以上强采、塌陷坑尾矿干堆、-340m以下深部开采的过程，揭示了开采过程中塌陷区受力特征、地表沉降特征和干堆尾矿稳定性；最后，结合模拟试验过程与结果提出相应的安全防治措施供矿山实践参考。通过尾矿干堆技术利用矿山废弃空间堆存尾矿，不但解决了尾矿排放问题，而且回填了废弃空间，取得一举两得的效果，给矿山带来良好的经济效益与社会效益，是一种值得推广的技术手段。
[Abstract]:With the development of production, the tailings reservoir of Yu Hua Si mining area is gradually approaching the upper limit of the reservoir capacity. The discharge of tailings and the mining of deep orebodies become the main problems facing the mines. In order to recover resources effectively, the mine decides to take strong mining of ore body above -340 m, and then pile up tailings with collapse pit, and select reasonable mining plan to mine deep orebody. Due to the complexity of engineering geological conditions in Yu Hua Si mining area, the feasibility of deep mining under dry pile condition of tailings is studied by using the method of similar simulation test and numerical simulation. Firstly, the method of similar simulation test is used to simulate the tailings dry pile, and the sublevel caving method without bottom pillar and the filling method of upward approach are used to mine the deep orebody, and it is concluded that it is more safe and reliable to adopt the method of upward approach filling. Secondly, according to the characteristics of heavy rain in the rainy season of Yu Hua Si mining area, the deep mining simulation of tailings dry pile under different rainfall conditions is carried out. The results show that in order to prevent rainstorm, some reinforcement measures should be taken for tailings dry pile discharge. Thirdly, the advantage of numerical simulation is used to simulate the process of strong mining above -340 m, dry pile of collapse pit tailings and deep mining below -340 m, which reveals the mechanical characteristics of subsidence area, surface subsidence characteristics and the stability of dry pile tailings in the process of mining. Finally, combined with the simulation test process and results, the corresponding safety prevention and control measures are put forward for mine practice reference. By using the technology of tailings dry pile to store tailings in waste space, not only the problem of tailings discharge is solved, but also the waste space is backfilled, and the effect of killing two birds with one stone is obtained, which brings good economic and social benefits to the mine. It is a technical means worth popularizing.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD926.4

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