采煤机破碎截齿的等寿命优化研究

发布时间：2019-04-03 22:00

【摘要】：为了防止大块截割煤堵塞采煤机机身下面的过煤空间,需在其牵引部迎着煤流的端头配置相应的破碎机构。但由于其工作环境十分恶劣,尤其在进料量过大的情况下,一旦齿身磨损或者发生齿根断裂,造成大块物料跑粗,未被破碎的煤块堆积在机载破碎机前部,直接影响破碎滚筒的破碎效果和运行的稳定性、拖慢采煤进度,严重时甚至需要停机检修。因此,为了在延长破碎截齿使用寿命的同时,对其结构尺寸进行优化以达到提高截齿使用效率的目的,有必要进行破碎截齿的等寿命优化设计研究。目前对于矿用截齿的研究主要集中于截割部截割滚筒上的截割截齿,而对于破碎截齿的结构优化和寿命设计的研究涉及较少。本文主要致力于对破碎截齿齿根弯曲和齿身磨损的等寿命优化研究。主要进行了如下工作:(1)根据相关疲劳理论的经验公式,通过计算得到齿身磨损与齿根弯曲疲劳寿命之间的相互联系,即等寿命优化系数K的表达式。(2)利用MATLAB软件通过粒子群优化算法对破碎截齿进行以等寿命为目标的结构疲劳寿命优化,得到了在约束条件范围内的截齿最优尺寸和安装角度。(3)对优化后的截齿进行仿真实验,验证优化效果。通过有限元软件ANSYS进行分析,得出破碎截齿在各个位置的受到应力情况和变形情况,对强度进行校核;并运用FATIGUE模块进行相应的疲劳计算,验证优化是否达到预期要求。(4)为方便对相关理论数据进行验证,对破碎截齿断裂失效监测系统进行了探索性设计。
[Abstract]:In order to prevent large blocks of cutting coal from blocking the coal space under the shearer fuselage, it is necessary to install the corresponding crushing mechanism at the end of the tractive part facing the coal flow. However, due to its very bad working environment, especially in the case of excessive feed volume, once the tooth body is worn or the tooth root is broken, the bulk of the material runs thick, and the unbroken coal blocks accumulate in the front of the airborne crusher. It directly affects the crushing effect and operation stability of the crushing drum, slows down the progress of coal mining, and even needs to be stopped and overhauled when it is serious. Therefore, in order to prolong the service life of the broken cutter and optimize its structure and size to improve the efficiency of the cutter, it is necessary to study the optimal design of the equal life of the broken cutter. At present, the research on mine cutter is mainly focused on the cutting cutter on the drum in the cutting part, but the research on the structural optimization and life design of the broken cutter is less involved. The purpose of this paper is to study the equal-life optimization of tooth root bending and tooth body wear of broken cutter. The main work is as follows: (1) according to the empirical formula of relevant fatigue theory, the relationship between tooth body wear and tooth root bending fatigue life is obtained by calculating the relationship between tooth body wear and tooth root bending fatigue life. That is, the expression of equal life optimization coefficient K. (2) the structure fatigue life optimization with equal life is carried out by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with MATLAB software, and the structure fatigue life is optimized by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The optimal size and installation angle of the cutter are obtained in the range of constraints. (3) the optimized cutter is simulated to verify the optimization effect. Through the analysis of finite element software ANSYS, the stress and deformation of the broken cutter in each position are obtained, and the strength is checked. The fatigue calculation is carried out by using the FATIGUE module to verify whether the optimization meets the expected requirements. (4) in order to verify the relevant theoretical data, an exploratory design of the failure monitoring system for the fracture of the broken cutter is carried out in order to facilitate the verification of the relevant theoretical data.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD421.6;TP18

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