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红一煤矿暗回风斜井层位及断面形状选择与控制

发布时间:2019-04-07 16:20
【摘要】:当巷道围岩中含有软弱岩层时,巷道不可避免地出现弱结构部位,而巷道层位及断面形状的不同会导致弱结构对巷道的影响程度不同,巷道围岩控制难易程度也不尽相同,从而造成巷道围岩长期稳定性的差异。因此,对围岩弱结构巷道进行研究具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。本论文以红一煤矿暗回风斜井为研究对象,现场调研了巷道工程地质特征,实验室测试了巷道围岩物理力学性质。巷道围岩中含有0.9 m厚的软弱岩层,并总结分析了岩性弱结构巷道围岩一般变形破坏特征及控制技术方法。根据实际工程地质条件,提出了四种巷道布置方案,分别为I-1方案:直墙半圆拱形巷道,顶沿5煤顶板粗砂岩;I-2方案:矩形巷道,顶沿5煤顶板粗砂岩;II-1方案:直墙半圆拱形巷道,底沿5煤底板;II-2方案:矩形巷道,底沿5煤底板。通过数值计算研究在四种方案下软弱岩层对巷道的影响,分析其围岩变形破坏特征,发现I-2方案和II-1方案巷道围岩的变形破坏较小,并结合巷道围岩稳定性和支护技术,确定最优方案为I-2方案。针对I-2方案巷帮肩角弱结构部位提出控制措施,模拟分析锚杆、锚索的支护作用及效果,并据此提出锚杆-锚索内、外承载结构协调变形原理,即在巷道围岩条件较差,采用锚杆-锚索联合支护时,在外承载结构的作用下,使内承载结构的变形和外承载结构的变形相协调,从而有效控制巷道围岩表面变形,保证巷道的长期稳定和安全使用;根据巷道围岩特征,对锚杆、锚索预紧力的匹配设计进行了数值计算研究。现场工业性试验表明,暗回风斜井采用I-2方案和相应的围岩控制技术后,巷道围岩变形得到了有效控制,支护效果较好,取得了良好的技术经济效益,为类似条件下巷道的合理层位、断面形状选择及围岩控制技术提供了参考。
[Abstract]:When there are soft rock layers in the surrounding rock of the roadway, the weak structure will inevitably appear in the roadway, and the different strata and cross-section shape of the roadway will lead to the different influence of the weak structure on the roadway, and the difficulty of controlling the surrounding rock of the roadway will also be different. As a result, the long-term stability of roadway surrounding rock is different. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study the weak structure roadway of surrounding rock. In this paper, the tunnel engineering geological characteristics are investigated on the spot, and the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock of the roadway are tested in laboratory, taking the inclined shaft of dark return air in Hongyi Coal Mine as the research object. The soft rock with thickness of 0.9 m is contained in the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the general deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway with weak lithologic structure and the control techniques are summarized and analyzed. According to the actual engineering geological conditions, four kinds of roadway layout schemes are put forward, which are as follows: straight-wall semi-circular arch roadway, roof with 5 coal roof coarse sandstone, I? 2 scheme: rectangular roadway with top along 5 coal roof coarse sandstone, and 5 coal roof coarse sandstone with vertical wall. II-1 scheme: straight wall semi-circular arch roadway, bottom 5 coal floor; II-2 scheme: rectangular roadway, bottom 5 coal floor. By means of numerical calculation, the influence of soft rock on roadway under four schemes is studied, and the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock are analyzed. It is found that the deformation and failure of surrounding rock of roadway under I _ (2) scheme and II-1 scheme are relatively small. Combined with the stability of surrounding rock and supporting technology, the optimal scheme is I ~ (2) scheme. In view of the weak structure position of the shoulder corner of the roadway side of plan I ~ 2, the control measures are put forward, and the supporting action and effect of anchor rod and anchor cable are simulated and analyzed. On this basis, the principle of coordinated deformation of bolt-anchor cable inside and outside bearing structure is put forward, that is, the condition of surrounding rock of roadway is poor. Under the action of the external bearing structure, the deformation of the inner bearing structure is coordinated with the deformation of the outer bearing structure, which effectively controls the surface deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway and ensures the long-term stability and safe use of the roadway. According to the characteristics of surrounding rock of roadway, the matching design of pre-tightening force of anchor bar and anchor cable is studied by numerical calculation. The field industrial test shows that the deformation of roadway surrounding rock is effectively controlled and the supporting effect is better, and good technical and economic benefits are obtained after adopting the I ~ (2) scheme and the corresponding surrounding rock control technology in the dark return wind inclined shaft. It provides a reference for the reasonable level, section shape selection and surrounding rock control technology of roadway under similar conditions.
【学位授予单位】:中国矿业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TD353

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