采场机械支柱的优化研究与动力学分析
发布时间：2019-04-13 12:48
【摘要】：在采用下向采矿充填法的地下金属矿山,采场机械支柱被用于支撑采场顶板。目前金属矿山中,支撑采场顶板的支柱主要是木材支柱,其成本较高,不能回收,已逐渐被国家有关部门禁用。虽然在煤矿普遍使用的液压支柱也可移植到金属矿山使用,但需要建立乳化液泵站、管路系统和液控系统,其组成复杂,投资较大,维护要求较高。采用型钢作支柱,支撑不便,不能回收,成本较高。如何研发出简单实用并能回收与重复使用的机械支柱逐步取代木材支柱、液压支柱和型钢支柱,以适应国家强制性措施的执行和企业技术进步的需要,是采用下向采矿充填法的地下金属矿山和矿业机械技术人员不得不面临的一项重要研究课题。本文在查阅文献资料和对采场支撑、木支柱及液压支柱作了深入了解后,结合机械支柱的设计要求,选定了直齿锥齿轮传动带动螺旋传动的设计方案。对机械支柱中起主要作用的螺旋副进行了理论设计与计算。建立了机械支柱的三维模型,并经过干涉检测,发现无零件干涉。为考察机械支柱的刚度、强度和稳定性是否满足要求,其进行了有限元分析。经分析得知螺杆刚度满足要求,但最大应力发生在螺杆下端,容易导致螺杆发生破坏。螺母强度不满足要求。通过对螺杆及支撑管作线性屈曲分析,得到机械支柱的稳定性满足要求。由于螺母强度不满足要求,对螺母进行了改进研究。结合优化设计理论,对机械支柱进行了优化设计,使螺母在满足强度要求的前提下尺寸最优,同时支撑管材料有所减少。比较优化分析前后,整体质量变化不大,但优化后机械支柱的力学性能得到了改善,更加经济合理。由于优化后支撑管变薄,对优化后的螺杆及支撑管再进行稳定性分析,可知优化后仍能够比桉木支柱多承受20%的载荷,比按木支柱更安全可靠。对优化后的机械支柱进行了虚拟样机分析,考察其动力学性能。将优化后的机械支柱的主要工作部分--螺旋副和直齿锥齿轮装配体,导入到ADAMS中,建立其虚拟样机模型,并对对螺旋机构的拧紧过程、旋松过程以及自锁状态进行了动力学仿真,通过仿真分析,验证了优化后总体设计方案的正确性。
[Abstract]:In underground metal mines with downward mining filling method, stope mechanical pillars are used to support stope roof. At present, the main pillar supporting stope roof in metal mines is timber pillar, which has high cost and can not be recovered, and has been gradually banned by the relevant departments of the state. Although the hydraulic support commonly used in coal mines can be transplanted to metal mines, it is necessary to set up emulsion pumping station, pipeline system and hydraulic control system. Its composition is complex, its investment is large, and its maintenance requirements are high. Adopt section steel as pillar, inconvenient to support, can not be recovered, high cost. How to develop simple and practical mechanical pillars that can be recycled and reused to gradually replace wood, hydraulic and section steel pillars to meet the needs of the implementation of national coercive measures and technological progress of enterprises, It is an important research subject for underground metal mines and mining machinery technicians who adopt downward mining filling method. In this paper, after consulting the literature and deeply understanding the stope support, wooden prop and hydraulic prop, combined with the design requirements of mechanical prop, the design scheme of spur bevel gear drive screw drive is selected. The theoretical design and calculation of the screw pair which plays a main role in the mechanical prop are carried out. A three-dimensional model of mechanical strut was established, and no interference was found after interference detection. In order to investigate whether the stiffness, strength and stability of mechanical pillars meet the requirements, the finite element analysis is carried out. The analysis shows that the stiffness of the screw meets the requirements, but the maximum stress occurs at the lower end of the screw, which can easily lead to the failure of the screw. The strength of the nut does not meet the requirements. Through linear buckling analysis of screw and braced pipe, the stability of mechanical prop is satisfied. Because the strength of the nut does not meet the requirements, the improvement of the nut is studied. Combined with the theory of optimum design, the optimum design of mechanical strut is carried out, so that the size of nut can be optimized under the premise of satisfying the strength requirement, and the material of supporting pipe is reduced at the same time. The whole quality has little change before and after the optimization analysis, but the mechanical properties of the mechanical pillar have been improved after optimization, which is more economical and reasonable. Because of the thinning of the supporting pipe after optimization, the stability analysis of the optimized screw and supporting pipe is carried out. The results show that the optimized support pipe can still bear 20% more load than the eucalyptus prop, which is safer and more reliable than that of the per-pillar. The virtual prototype of the optimized mechanical prop is analyzed and its dynamic performance is investigated. The main work parts of the optimized mechanical prop, spiral pair and straight bevel gear assembly, are imported into ADAMS, the virtual prototype model is established, and the tightening process of the screw mechanism is analyzed. The dynamic simulation of the spin-loose process and the self-locking state is carried out, and the correctness of the optimized overall design scheme is verified by the simulation analysis.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD355
本文编号：2457577
[Abstract]:In underground metal mines with downward mining filling method, stope mechanical pillars are used to support stope roof. At present, the main pillar supporting stope roof in metal mines is timber pillar, which has high cost and can not be recovered, and has been gradually banned by the relevant departments of the state. Although the hydraulic support commonly used in coal mines can be transplanted to metal mines, it is necessary to set up emulsion pumping station, pipeline system and hydraulic control system. Its composition is complex, its investment is large, and its maintenance requirements are high. Adopt section steel as pillar, inconvenient to support, can not be recovered, high cost. How to develop simple and practical mechanical pillars that can be recycled and reused to gradually replace wood, hydraulic and section steel pillars to meet the needs of the implementation of national coercive measures and technological progress of enterprises, It is an important research subject for underground metal mines and mining machinery technicians who adopt downward mining filling method. In this paper, after consulting the literature and deeply understanding the stope support, wooden prop and hydraulic prop, combined with the design requirements of mechanical prop, the design scheme of spur bevel gear drive screw drive is selected. The theoretical design and calculation of the screw pair which plays a main role in the mechanical prop are carried out. A three-dimensional model of mechanical strut was established, and no interference was found after interference detection. In order to investigate whether the stiffness, strength and stability of mechanical pillars meet the requirements, the finite element analysis is carried out. The analysis shows that the stiffness of the screw meets the requirements, but the maximum stress occurs at the lower end of the screw, which can easily lead to the failure of the screw. The strength of the nut does not meet the requirements. Through linear buckling analysis of screw and braced pipe, the stability of mechanical prop is satisfied. Because the strength of the nut does not meet the requirements, the improvement of the nut is studied. Combined with the theory of optimum design, the optimum design of mechanical strut is carried out, so that the size of nut can be optimized under the premise of satisfying the strength requirement, and the material of supporting pipe is reduced at the same time. The whole quality has little change before and after the optimization analysis, but the mechanical properties of the mechanical pillar have been improved after optimization, which is more economical and reasonable. Because of the thinning of the supporting pipe after optimization, the stability analysis of the optimized screw and supporting pipe is carried out. The results show that the optimized support pipe can still bear 20% more load than the eucalyptus prop, which is safer and more reliable than that of the per-pillar. The virtual prototype of the optimized mechanical prop is analyzed and its dynamic performance is investigated. The main work parts of the optimized mechanical prop, spiral pair and straight bevel gear assembly, are imported into ADAMS, the virtual prototype model is established, and the tightening process of the screw mechanism is analyzed. The dynamic simulation of the spin-loose process and the self-locking state is carried out, and the correctness of the optimized overall design scheme is verified by the simulation analysis.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD355
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 陈世其;DWX型单体液压支柱动态特性的研究[D];西安理工大学;2004年
，本文编号：2457577
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