露天转地下开采上覆岩体变形机理及其灾害预测

发布时间：2019-04-13 13:33

【摘要】：露天转地下开采的边坡及上覆岩体的移动、变形及其对周边环境破坏等问题已成为严重影响生产和环境安全最突出问题之一。本文以北京市密云云冶露天转地下开采铁矿为工程背景,在综合矿山地质资料和实地地质条件调查基础上,针对上峪矿开采过程进行三维数值模拟研究和理论分析,探索露天转地下急倾斜矿体开采过程中上覆岩体的破坏机理、移动变形规律；基于临界滑动场技术确定边坡临界滑动面,应用三种极限平衡理论对边坡稳定性进行了评价和失稳灾害分析、预测和不同变形区的区划,并给出相应的防控措施。主要研究成果如下： 1)利用MIDAS-3D建立了矿区的三维数值模拟模型；通过对不同开采区域、开采过程的数值模拟研究,系统总结了应力场、位移场的分布特征和变化规律。 2)综合比较不同开采步距、不同开采位置和不同开采量条件下应力场和位移场的分布特点与异同性,揭示了急倾斜矿体露天转地下开采时上覆边坡岩体的滑移机制和形变特点；系统研究了边坡体的滑移破坏模式和移动特征,并对山体稳定性进行了评价,得出在露天与地下开采叠加效应影响下山体和露天边坡稳定状态的安全储备急剧减小,上峪矿区山体与露天边坡面临着产生大型滑坡的可能性。 3)通过模拟不同空间和区域的开采,系统研究了不同深度上的应力场和位移场的变化特点和演变规律,得到了矿区的危险范围的动态演变图,并对易发生的灾害提出了相应的防控措施。
[Abstract]:The movement, deformation and environmental damage of slope and overlying rock mass from open pit to underground mining have become one of the most prominent problems which seriously affect production and environmental safety. Based on the engineering background of Beijing Miyun Yunye opencast to underground mining, on the basis of comprehensive geological data and on-the-spot geological conditions investigation, this paper carries out three-dimensional numerical simulation and theoretical analysis on the mining process of Shangyu Mine. To explore the failure mechanism of overlying rock mass and the law of movement and deformation in the mining process of steep inclined orebody from open pit to underground; The critical slip surface of slope is determined based on critical slip field technology. The stability of slope is evaluated and the instability disaster is analyzed by using three limit equilibrium theories, and the zoning of different deformation zones is predicted, and the corresponding prevention and control measures are given. The main research results are as follows: 1) the three-dimensional numerical simulation model of mining area is established by using MIDAS-3D; Through the numerical simulation of different mining areas and mining process, the distribution characteristics and variation rules of stress field and displacement field are summarized systematically. 2) to compare the distribution characteristics and differences of stress field and displacement field under different mining steps, different mining positions and different mining quantities. The slip mechanism and deformation characteristics of overlying slope rock mass during open-pit mining of steeply inclined orebody are revealed. The sliding failure mode and movement characteristics of slope body are studied systematically, and the stability of mountain body is evaluated. It is concluded that the safety reserve of mountain body and open-pit slope under the influence of overlaying effect of open-pit and underground mining decreases sharply. The mountain mass and open-pit slope in Shangyu mining area are faced with the possibility of large-scale landslide. 3) by simulating mining in different spaces and regions, the variation characteristics and evolution rules of stress field and displacement field at different depths are systematically studied, and the dynamic evolution map of the dangerous range of the mining area is obtained. At the same time, the corresponding prevention and control measures are put forward for the disasters which are easy to occur.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD325

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