电磁波穿透地层分层媒质的传输特性研究
发布时间：2019-04-27 02:12
【摘要】：煤矿是我国主要能源,科学的煤矿生产对我国现代化发展具有重要作用。但是近几年,我国煤矿事故频发,人员伤亡和经济损失都比较惨重。因此,建立科学,可靠,有效的矿井透地通信系统对保障矿工的生命安全和国家财产都具有重要的现实意义。由于地层的复杂结构和具有导电性的大地媒质,电磁波在其中传输时存在严重衰减。所以研究电磁波在地层媒质信道中的传输特性对于建立稳健的矿井透地通信系统来讲是一个必要条件。而在目前,对电磁波在复杂地层媒质信道传播特性的研究成果仍然不足。本文针对电磁波在地层媒质信道的传播衰减特性进行了深入研究,开展的主要工作及获得的结论如下:(1)针对现有构建地层分层模型算法的不足,提出了一种基于粒子群-遗传算法(Particle Swarm Optimization-Genetic Algorithm,PSO-GA)的克里金(Kriging)插值法,利用该方法对变异函数的参数进行了优化,建立了地层分层媒质模型。仿真表明,采用所提出的基于PSO-GA的Kriging插值法建立透地通信地层分层媒质模型可获得更好的寻优性能及寻优稳定性。同时,基于提出的算法,在VC6.0中实现了地层分层模型剖面图,利用剖面图的分层形态,对后续电磁波穿透地层媒质的分析有重要价值。(2)根据建立的地层分层模型剖面图知,电磁波透地通信传播时除了传播媒质本身的复杂外,地层模型也是不规则的。因此,本文建立了不规则地层分层计算模型。通过分析电磁波入射角与不规则地层分层倾斜角的几何关系,推导了电磁波在不规则地层分层中正向和反向传播时电场强度和磁场强度的衰减情况。仿真表明,正向传播与反向传播电磁波的衰减情况通常是不同的,这不仅与地层分层的不规则性有关,还与电磁波正向和反向传播时进入地层介质的先后次序是不同的有关;而且电场强度的衰减速度一般要大于磁场强度的衰减速度,特别是电磁波刚进入到地层的初始阶段。(3)针对时间域有限差分法(Finite Difference Time Domain,FDTD)模拟电磁波穿透时存在计算精度和稳定性的问题,本文给出了时间域伪谱法(Pseudo-Spectral Time Domain,PSTD)用于提高模拟电磁波传输时的计算精度和稳定性。阐述了PSTD法的基本原理和适用于有耗媒质的吸收边界条件,进而建立了数值计算媒质模型。仿真表明,PSTD法能更精确和更稳定地模拟电磁波在有耗媒质地层分层模型中的传播衰减特性;而且,电磁波在地层媒质分界面发生不同程度的透射情况与媒质的电性参数有关,电性参数越大,衰减越严重,透射量越少。
[Abstract]:Coal mine is the main energy source in our country. Scientific coal mine production plays an important role in the modernization development of our country. But in recent years, coal mine accidents occur frequently, casualties and economic losses are heavy. Therefore, the establishment of a scientific, reliable and effective communication system for mine penetration is of great practical significance to the safety of miners' lives and national property. Because of the complex structure of the stratum and the conductive earth medium, the electromagnetic wave has serious attenuation when it is transmitted. Therefore, it is a necessary condition to study the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic wave in the formation medium channel for the establishment of a robust mine penetrating communication system. But at present, the research results on the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in complex medium channel are still insufficient. In this paper, the propagation and attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in the formation medium channel are deeply studied. The main work and the conclusions are as follows: (1) aiming at the deficiency of the existing algorithms to construct stratum stratification model, A Kriging (Kriging) interpolation method based on particle swarm optimization-genetic algorithm (Particle Swarm Optimization-Genetic Algorithm,PSO-GA) is proposed in this paper. The parameters of the variation function are optimized by using this method, and the layered media model is established. The simulation results show that the proposed Kriging interpolation method based on PSO-GA can obtain better optimization performance and stability for the layered media model of ground-penetrating communication strata. At the same time, based on the proposed algorithm, the stratigraphic layering model profile map is realized in VC6.0, and the layering form of the profile map is used. It is of great value to analyze the transmission of electromagnetic wave through stratum media. (2) according to the section diagram of stratum stratification model established, the transmission of electromagnetic wave through the earth is not only complicated as well as irregular, but also irregular. Therefore, the calculation model of irregular stratum stratification is established in this paper. By analyzing the geometric relationship between electromagnetic wave incident angle and sloping angle of irregular stratum, the attenuation of electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity during forward and backward propagation of electromagnetic wave in irregular stratum is deduced. Simulation results show that the attenuation of forward propagation and backward propagation of electromagnetic wave is usually different, which is related not only to the irregularity of stratum stratification, but also to the order in which electromagnetic wave propagates forward and backward into the formation medium. Moreover, the attenuation velocity of electric field intensity is generally higher than that of magnetic field intensity, especially the electromagnetic wave has just entered the initial stage of formation. (3) for the time domain finite difference method (Finite Difference Time Domain,). In this paper, the time domain pseudospectral method (Pseudo-Spectral Time Domain,PSTD) is used to improve the computational accuracy and stability of electromagnetic wave transmission in FDTD. In this paper, the basic principle of PSTD method and the absorbing boundary conditions suitable for lossy media are described, and then the numerical calculation medium model is established. The simulation results show that the PSTD method can more accurately and stably simulate the propagation and attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the layered model of depleted media. Moreover, the transmission of electromagnetic wave at the interface of the formation medium is related to the electrical parameters of the medium. The larger the electrical parameter, the more serious the attenuation and the less the transmission.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD65
本文编号：2466599
[Abstract]:Coal mine is the main energy source in our country. Scientific coal mine production plays an important role in the modernization development of our country. But in recent years, coal mine accidents occur frequently, casualties and economic losses are heavy. Therefore, the establishment of a scientific, reliable and effective communication system for mine penetration is of great practical significance to the safety of miners' lives and national property. Because of the complex structure of the stratum and the conductive earth medium, the electromagnetic wave has serious attenuation when it is transmitted. Therefore, it is a necessary condition to study the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic wave in the formation medium channel for the establishment of a robust mine penetrating communication system. But at present, the research results on the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in complex medium channel are still insufficient. In this paper, the propagation and attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in the formation medium channel are deeply studied. The main work and the conclusions are as follows: (1) aiming at the deficiency of the existing algorithms to construct stratum stratification model, A Kriging (Kriging) interpolation method based on particle swarm optimization-genetic algorithm (Particle Swarm Optimization-Genetic Algorithm,PSO-GA) is proposed in this paper. The parameters of the variation function are optimized by using this method, and the layered media model is established. The simulation results show that the proposed Kriging interpolation method based on PSO-GA can obtain better optimization performance and stability for the layered media model of ground-penetrating communication strata. At the same time, based on the proposed algorithm, the stratigraphic layering model profile map is realized in VC6.0, and the layering form of the profile map is used. It is of great value to analyze the transmission of electromagnetic wave through stratum media. (2) according to the section diagram of stratum stratification model established, the transmission of electromagnetic wave through the earth is not only complicated as well as irregular, but also irregular. Therefore, the calculation model of irregular stratum stratification is established in this paper. By analyzing the geometric relationship between electromagnetic wave incident angle and sloping angle of irregular stratum, the attenuation of electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity during forward and backward propagation of electromagnetic wave in irregular stratum is deduced. Simulation results show that the attenuation of forward propagation and backward propagation of electromagnetic wave is usually different, which is related not only to the irregularity of stratum stratification, but also to the order in which electromagnetic wave propagates forward and backward into the formation medium. Moreover, the attenuation velocity of electric field intensity is generally higher than that of magnetic field intensity, especially the electromagnetic wave has just entered the initial stage of formation. (3) for the time domain finite difference method (Finite Difference Time Domain,). In this paper, the time domain pseudospectral method (Pseudo-Spectral Time Domain,PSTD) is used to improve the computational accuracy and stability of electromagnetic wave transmission in FDTD. In this paper, the basic principle of PSTD method and the absorbing boundary conditions suitable for lossy media are described, and then the numerical calculation medium model is established. The simulation results show that the PSTD method can more accurately and stably simulate the propagation and attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the layered model of depleted media. Moreover, the transmission of electromagnetic wave at the interface of the formation medium is related to the electrical parameters of the medium. The larger the electrical parameter, the more serious the attenuation and the less the transmission.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD65
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