宁夏农田土壤粉尘释放过程试验研究

发布时间：2017-12-26 17:03

本文关键词：宁夏农田土壤粉尘释放过程试验研究　出处：《水土保持学报》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为揭示农田土壤风蚀引起的粉尘释放特征,以宁夏4种农田土壤为研究对象,通过室内风洞模拟试验的方式,对试验中粉尘释放进入气流的PM10进行实时监测,以PM10浓度和PM10通量为指标分析了风速对粉尘释放的影响,对比了不同土壤的粉尘释放能力。结果表明:农田土壤风蚀中的粉尘释放具有瞬时性特征;各土样的累积最大PM10通量随风速的变化趋势差异较大,土样PL在风速6~9m/s时引起的最大PM10通量变化最大,土样TX和YC在风速15~18m/s时引起最大PM10通量变化最大;各土样的累积平均PM10通量随着风速的变化趋势一致,呈二次函数增大;平均粉尘通量和风蚀量之间呈对数函数关系;在研究所选4种宁夏农田土壤中,粉尘释放能力在风速达到9m/s后表现出一致且明显的差异,从大到小依次为PLTXYCYN。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the farmland soil erosion caused by dust release characteristics in Ningxia, 4 kinds of farmland soil as the research object, through the indoor wind tunnel test way of test dust released into the air of the PM10 real-time monitoring, PM10 concentration and PM10 flux as an index of wind speed on the impact of dust emission, comparing different dust soil release ability. The results indicate that the dust release in farmland soil erosion with instantaneous characteristics; the change trend of cumulative maximum wind speed difference PM10 flux of each soil sample of the larger soil caused by PL in the maximum wind speed 6~9m/s PM10 flux, soil TX and YC in 15~18m/s caused by wind speed maximum PM10 flux of each soil maximum; the cumulated average PM10 flux with the same trend of wind speed, a quadratic function increases; logarithmic relationship between average dust flux and wind erosion; in the study selected 4 kinds of Ningxia soil, dust release ability in the wind speed of 9m/s showed consistent differences and obvious, from large to small is as follows PLTXYCYN.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院;宁夏大学西部发展研究中心;中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室;
【基金】：宁夏高等学校科学技术研究项目(NGY2013024) 国家自然科学基金项目(41401310)
【分类号】：S157.1
【正文快照】： 土壤风蚀是导致干旱、半干旱地区土地退化和土地荒漠化进程最重要最直接的作用过程之一,也是很多国家面临的严重环境问题和全球环境问题的一个重要组成部分。我国风蚀总面积达195.70万km2,占国土总面积的20.6%,且集中分布在北方,其中以旱作农田风蚀最为严重[1]。我国每年因风

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