太湖地区典型降雨水稻田径流污染物输出特点及相关性分析

发布时间：2017-12-28 07:23

本文关键词：太湖地区典型降雨水稻田径流污染物输出特点及相关性分析　出处：《环境工程学报》2016年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为研究降雨过程中水稻田径流污染物的输出特点及其主要污染物之间的内在关系,在太湖地区何家浜流域划定若干块水稻田作为研究区域,并分别选取单块封闭水稻田沿河岸的直入河点和多块水稻田沿沟渠汇流后的沟渠入河点为采样点,对比封闭小区域和非封闭大区域污染物随降雨径流的输出特点及其相关性。结果表明,降雨引起水田水的扰动,对水田土壤及其污染物只产生间接的扰动或冲刷,而非直接冲刷,因此,不同降雨强度对SS(悬浮态固体)的冲刷并未表现出明显的差异。无论短历时强降雨还是长历时弱降雨,其径流中SS、氮、磷均随降雨历时的延长而降低,其中溶解态氮、磷随降雨历时的变化较小。相比大面积的汇水区域,较小的汇水区域SS峰值点出现的时间更接近降雨峰值点,对降雨的响应时间更短,降雨前期,大汇水区域径流中SS比小汇水区域小很多,而降雨后期要大很多,其主要污染物随降雨历时的延长而降低的规律性更显著,小汇水区域的径流SS和TN(总氮)、TP(总磷)具有很好的线性相关性。
[Abstract]:The intrinsic relationship between the output characteristics of pollutants in the process of rainfall on rice field runoff and the main pollutants in the Taihu area, he Jia Bang watershed delineations several blocks of paddy fields were selected as the study area, and a single piece of closed rice fields along the riverbanks and straight into the river water into the ditch along the river in the confluence of the ditch the sampling points, closed and non closed area compared with the output of large regional pollutant characteristics and the correlation of rainfall runoff. The results showed that the disturbance of paddy field water caused by rainfall caused only indirect disturbance or erosion to paddy soil and its pollutants, rather than direct erosion. Therefore, there was no significant difference in scouring of SS (suspended solids) by different rainfall intensity. No matter short duration heavy rainfall or long duration weak rainfall, SS, nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff decreased with the prolongation of rainfall duration, and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus changed little with rainfall duration. Compared to a large area of the catchment area, small catchment area SS peaks appeared closer to the time of rainfall peak, shorter response time of rainfall rainfall early, small catchment area is much smaller than the SS catchment runoff, rainfall and later should be large, regular extension of the main contaminant with the rainfall duration the decrease is more significant, small catchment runoff SS and TN (total nitrogen), TP (TP) have a good linear relationship.
【作者单位】：天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室;天津大学环境科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家“水体污染控制与治理”科技重大专项(2012ZX07101-008-03) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51378339)
【分类号】：X52;X712
【正文快照】： 从来源上讲,水体污染分为点源污染(pointsource pollution)和非点源污染(non-point source pol-lution)两类[1]。点源污染位置固定、易于处理,现已得到了较好的控制;而非点源污染由于没有固定排放点,来源分散且不易确定,所以有机理复杂、发生的随机性大、空间分布广泛、污染源

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