河套平原弃耕地土壤盐碱化特征

发布时间：2017-12-30 23:33

本文关键词：河套平原弃耕地土壤盐碱化特征　出处：《土壤学报》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：运用经典统计和主成分分析方法,对河套平原弃耕地盐渍化土壤全盐量、pH、阴阳离子组成、碱化度(ESP)的分布特征进行了分析。结果表明:研究区土壤为中度至重度盐渍化,土壤全盐、pH、碱化度(ESP)在剖面中的变化趋势一致,呈表聚和底聚两个过程。全盐量介于2.80~6.69g kg-1之间,pH介于9.20~9.69之间,碱化度介于10.97%~33.33%之间。0~60 cm土层全盐量随土层深度增加而降低,60~120 cm土层全盐量随土层深度增加而增加。剖面中阳离子以Na++K+为主;阴离子以SO42-为主。除pH外,土壤各盐碱指标呈强烈空间变异特征;不同土层SO42-与Ca2+、Mg2+、全盐量差异达极显著水平,Cl-与K++Na+相关性随土层深度增加而减弱,pH、碱化度与CO32-达极显著水平。土壤全盐量、SO42-可作为研究区土壤盐化状况特征因子;CO32-、HCO3-、pH可作为研究区土壤碱化状况特征因子。由此可见,在改良利用过程中要以降低土壤盐度和碱度来调控离子组成,进而改善土壤结构。
[Abstract]:By means of classical statistics and principal component analysis, the pH and anion composition of salinized soil of abandoned farmland in Hetao Plain were studied. The distribution characteristics of ESPs were analyzed. The results showed that the soil in the study area was moderate to severe salinization, the total pH of soil salt and the degree of alkalinity ESPs were the same in the profile. The total salt content was between 2.80 and 6.69 g kg-1 and pH was 9.20 ~ 9.69. The alkalinity of the soil layer was between 10.97% and 33.33%. The total salt content in the soil layer of 60 cm decreased with the increase of soil depth. The total salt content increased with the increase of soil depth in the soil layer of 60 ~ 120 cm. The cations in the profile were dominated by Na _ (K). The main anion was so _ 42-. Except for pH, the soil saline-alkali indexes showed strong spatial variability. So _ 42- and Ca2 ~ (2 +) mg _ (2) in different soil layers, the total salt content difference reached a very significant level. The correlation between Cl- and K _ (Na) decreased with the increase of soil depth. The alkalinity and CO32- were significant. The soil total salt content (so _ 42-) could be used as the characteristic factor of soil salinization in the study area. The pH of CO32-HCO3-N can be used as the characteristic factor of soil alkalinity in the study area. It can be seen that the ion composition should be regulated by reducing soil salinity and alkalinity in the process of improvement and utilization. And then improve the soil structure.
【作者单位】：内蒙古农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所;巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41501578) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503120) 内蒙古科技厅引资项目(20121606)资助~~
【分类号】：S156.4
【正文快照】： 土壤盐渍化是一个世界性问题,是引起土地退化、荒漠化的主要诱导因素之一,已成为制约干旱半干旱地区生态环境与农业高效利用的一个重要因素[1]。盐渍土的发生受区域性因素的影响较大,其盐分组成及离子比例具有明显的地域特点,积盐、脱盐过程以及盐分组成随生物、气候、地带性

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