北京城市发展对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响

发布时间：2018-01-03 05:40

本文关键词：北京城市发展对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响　出处：《环境科学研究》2016年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为研究城市发展对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响,以北京市建成区为例,采用Biolog-ECO微平板技术分析不同环路内3种类型绿地(居民区内绿地、街道边绿地、公园内绿地)土壤微生物群落功能多样性的变化.结果表明:二环内各绿地类型土壤微生物群落的AWCD(average well color development,平均颜色变化率)相对较高,分别为1.107、1.192、1.007,表明其土壤微生物群落代谢活性较高,利用碳源能力较强,其他环路土壤微生物群落利用碳源能力相对较弱;其中,各绿地类型土壤微生物群落对羧酸类碳源的利用能力最弱.城市环路梯度下居民区对土壤微生物群落多样性的影响相对较大;街道对土壤微生物群落功能多样性无显著影响(或者城市环路梯度下街道边绿地土壤微生物群落功能多样性趋同);四环~五环公园内绿地土壤微生物群落功能多样性与其他环路之间存在显著差异.对土壤微生物群落碳源利用能力进行主成分分析的结果显示,居民区内绿地、街道边绿地、公园内绿地提取的与土壤微生物碳源利用相关的主成分累积贡献率分别为86.79%、87.09%、84.92%,对主成分分离起主要作用的碳源主要是氨基酸类、糖类、多聚物类和羧酸类物质.冗余分析(RDA)表明,p H、土壤含水量是影响土壤微生物群落代谢能力和功能多样性的主要因素.城市绿地类型和环路因子对土壤微生物利用碳源分异存在一定影响,但对碳源代谢能力变异的解释量(5.91%)低于土壤理化因子的解释量(16.26%).研究显示,城市环路对土壤微生物功能多样性产生一定影响,但各环路街道边绿地土壤微生物功能多样性无显著差异,并且二环内、二环~三环、三环~四环各绿地类型土壤微生物多样性也无显著差异,说明城市发展可能使土壤微生物群落功能多样性趋于同质化.
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of urban development on the functional diversity of soil microorganism, Biolog-ECO microplate technique was used to analyze three types of green space in different loops (residential areas). Green on the street. The variation of functional diversity of soil microbial communities in the park. The results showed that the AWCDs of soil microbial communities of different types of greenbelts in the second ring (. Average well color development. The average color change rate was relatively high, which was 1.107 and 1.192N 1.007, respectively, which indicated that the soil microbial community had higher metabolic activity and stronger ability to utilize carbon source. The ability of other loop soil microbial communities to utilize carbon source is relatively weak. Among them, the ability of soil microbial community to utilize carboxylic acid carbon source is the weakest, and the influence of residential area on the diversity of soil microbial community is relatively large under the gradient of urban loop. There was no significant effect of street on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities (or the functional diversity of soil microbial communities converged under the gradient of urban loop road; There were significant differences between the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in the four rings and five rings park and other loops. The results of principal component analysis on the carbon source utilization capacity of soil microbial communities showed that green space in residential areas. The cumulative contribution rate of the principal components related to the utilization of soil microbial carbon source was 86.79% and 87.09% respectively. Amino acids, carbohydrates, polymers and carboxylic acids are the main carbon sources that play a major role in the separation of the principal components. The redundancy analysis (RDAA) shows that the main carbon sources are Amino acids, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acids and carboxylic acids. Soil moisture content is the main factor affecting the metabolic ability and functional diversity of soil microbial community, and the type of urban green space and loop factors have some influence on the carbon source differentiation of soil microbial community. But the explanation of carbon source metabolic ability variation (5.91) was lower than that of soil physical and chemical factors (16.26%). The study showed that urban loop had a certain effect on soil microbial functional diversity. However, there was no significant difference in soil microbial functional diversity among the greenbelt, and there was no significant difference in soil microbial diversity between the second ring and the third ring and the third ring and the fourth ring. It is suggested that the functional diversity of soil microbial communities may be homogenized by urban development.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学水科学研究院;中国环境科学研究院;中国人民大学环境学院;
【基金】：北京市财政资金项目(PXM2014-178218-000005)
【分类号】：S154.36
【正文快照】： 城市化是生物多样性面临威胁的主要因素之一,是物种灭绝和同质化的重要原因[1-3].城市发展往往改变生物赖以生存的栖息地环境,使得少数适应新环境的物种不断发展[4],最终导致局部区域生物的遗传、物种和功能趋于同质化[5].随着全球城市化的快速扩展,理解和掌握城市化对生物多

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