长期施用尿素对东北黑土中氨氧化古菌群落的影响

发布时间：2018-01-07 01:03

本文关键词：长期施用尿素对东北黑土中氨氧化古菌群落的影响　出处：《中国农业科学》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：【目的】表征34年施肥条件下东北黑土中氨氧化古菌(AOA)群落特征,明确不同尿素水平对其丰度和群落结构的影响,并与土壤化学性质进行关联分析,探讨引起影响东北黑土中AOA群落变化的主效环境因子,为进一步揭示黑土土壤硝化作用过程和机制,以及改良施肥方式提供依据。【方法】依托黑龙江省农业科学院34年长期定位试验,选取3组不同施肥处理:无尿素组(对照CK和磷钾处理PK)、一倍尿素组(单施一倍氮肥处理N1,氮磷处理NP,氮磷钾处理NPK和氮钾处理NK)和二倍尿素组(单施二倍氮肥处理N2)共7个处理的耕层土壤为研究对象,借助454高通量测序和Real-time PCR技术,以AOA Arch-amo A基因为分子标靶,解析不同尿素水平对黑土中AOA群落组成和丰度的影响,并对AOA群落结构与环境因子进行相关性分析。【结果】随着尿素施用量的增加,黑土中AOA的Arch-amo A拷贝数由2.64×107/g土壤显著降低至8.34×105/g土壤,且黑土p H是引起其数量降低的直接原因;OTU水平上的聚类和非度量多维度分析(NMDS)结果均表明,相同尿素水平的各处理AOA群落结构相似,不同尿素水平处理间的AOA群落差异显著;冗余分析表明,土壤p H、水溶性有机碳和硝态氮浓度是影响土壤AOA群落变化的主效环境因子(P0.05);系统发育分析表明,东北黑土中AOA主要有Nitrososphaera和Nitrosotalea两个属:无尿素组中99.3%和一倍尿素组中90.1%的Arch-amo A序列归类于Nitrososphaera,二倍尿素组中67.9%的Arch-amo A序列归类于Nitrosotalea。【结论】本研究表征了长期不同施肥下黑土中的AOA群落特征,通过与土壤化学性质耦合分析,确定了引起黑土中AOA群落变化的主要因素。长期施用氮肥的黑土中,AOA Arch-amo A拷贝数和群落结构受尿素施用量的影响显著,低倍尿素提高其多样性,而高倍尿素则使之降低,土壤p H、有机碳和硝态氮浓度是导致AOA群落差异主要因素。
[Abstract]:[objective] to characterize the community characteristics of AOAA in the black soil of Northeast China under 34 years of fertilization, to determine the effects of different urea levels on its abundance and community structure, and to analyze its correlation with soil chemistry. In order to reveal the process and mechanism of nitrification in black soil in Northeast China, the main environmental factors affecting the change of AOA community in black soil of Northeast China were discussed. [methods] based on 34 years long term localization experiment of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, three groups of different fertilization treatments were selected: no urea group (CK and P K treatment PKK). Single application of nitrogen fertilizer treatment N _ 1, nitrogen and phosphorus treatment NP. Seven treatments of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) and nitrogen and potassium (NKK) and urea treatment (N _ 2) were used as the research objects. With the help of 454 high-throughput sequencing and Real-time PCR technology, the AOA Arch-amo A gene was used as the molecular target. The effects of different urea levels on the composition and abundance of AOA community in black soil were analyzed, and the correlation between AOA community structure and environmental factors was analyzed. [results] with the increase of urea application rate. The Arch-amo A copy number of AOA in black soil decreased significantly from 2.64 脳 10 ~ (7) / g to 8.34 脳 10 ~ (5) / g soil. And the black soil pH is the direct cause of the decrease of its quantity. The results of clustering and non-metric multi-dimensional analysis at OTU level showed that the structure of AOA community was similar among treatments with the same urea level, and the difference of AOA community among different urea levels was significant. Redundancy analysis showed that soil pH, water soluble organic carbon and nitrate concentration were the main environmental factors affecting soil AOA community change. Phylogenetic analysis showed. There are two genera of Nitrososphaera and Nitrosotalea in AOA in the black soil of Northeast China. The Arch-amo A sequences of 99.3% in urea free group and 90.1% in double urea group were classified as Nitrososphaera. The Arch-amo A sequence of 67.9% in urea group was classified into Nitrosotalea. [conclusion] this study characterized the characteristics of AOA community in black soil under different fertilization conditions for a long time. Through the coupling analysis with soil chemical properties, the main factors causing the change of AOA community in black soil were determined. The copy number and community structure of AOA Arch-amo A were significantly affected by urea application. The diversity of Urea was increased by low times urea, but decreased by high urea, and soil pH was decreased. The concentration of organic carbon and nitrate nitrogen was the main factor leading to the difference of AOA community.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;中国农业大学生物学院;农业部微生物产品质量安全风险评估实验室;黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所;
【基金】：国家“973”计划(2015CB150506) 国家自然科学基金(41573066,41450004) 国家“863”计划(2013AA102802-04) 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04) 农业微生物产品质量安全风险评估专项任务(GJFP2014011)
【分类号】：S154.3;S143.14
【正文快照】： Effects of Long Term Application of Urea on Ammonia OxidizingArchaea Community in Black Soil in Northeast ChinaZHOU Jing 1,2,JIANG Xin 1,4,ZHOU Bao-ku 3,MA Ming-chao 1,4,GUAN Da-wei 1,4,ZHAO Bai-suo 4,CHEN San-feng 2,LI Jun 1,4(1Institute of Agricultural

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