干湿交替对干热河谷冲沟发育区不同土壤崩解性的影响

发布时间：2018-01-09 03:24

本文关键词：干湿交替对干热河谷冲沟发育区不同土壤崩解性的影响　出处：《水土保持学报》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：通过选取干热河谷区典型发育的3种原位土壤(燥红土、变性土和新积土)剖面平台,采用"浇水—曝晒"循环的方法模拟研究区干湿交替的气候条件,设置0,1,3,5次干湿交替频度,以探明不同干湿交替处理对干热河谷冲沟发育区3种典型土壤的崩解性差异及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)3种土壤的崩解过程有所差异,燥红土崩解速度较慢,崩解持续时间短,崩解残留土较多;变性土崩解速度极慢,崩解持续时间长,崩解残留土量最多;新积土崩解过程迅速,土壤崩解速度极快,几乎无残留土量。(2)3种土壤的崩解性差异明显,最大崩解指数从大到小依次为新积土(97.56%)变性土(38.67%)燥红土(12.92%);平均崩解速率表现出相似结果。(3)干湿交替对3种土壤崩解性均有一定增强作用,对燥红土和变性土崩解性增强作用主要表现为提高其最大崩解指数和增大其崩解速率2个方面,而对新积土崩解性的影响则主要表现为缩短其崩解完成所需时间。研究结果从干湿交替的角度为冲沟土壤的崩解性研究提供一定的理论参考,为认知该区水土作用过程及开展水土保持工作奠定理论基础。
[Abstract]:Through selecting three kinds of typical in situ soil (dry red soil, denatured soil and newly deposited soil) profile platform developed in dry and hot valley area, the climatic conditions of dry and wet alternation in the study area were simulated by the method of "pouring-exposure" cycle. The frequency of 5 times of dry and wet alternation is set up. The disintegrating characteristics of three typical soils in dry and hot valley gully development area and their influencing factors were found to be different under different dry-wet alternate treatments. The results showed that there were differences in the disintegration process of three kinds of soils in the dry and hot valley gully development area. Dryness red soil disintegrating speed is slower, disintegrating time is short, disintegrating residual soil is more; The rate of decomposition of denatured soil is very slow, the time of disintegration is long, and the amount of residual soil is the most. The process of new soil disintegration is rapid, the rate of soil disintegration is extremely fast, and there is no residual soil quantity. The disintegrating properties of three kinds of soils are obviously different. The largest disintegrating index from big to small is the newly deposited soil (97.56)) the denatured soil (38.67) the dry red soil (12.92%); The average disintegration rate showed a similar result. 3) the dry and wet alternation had a certain enhancement effect on the disintegration of three kinds of soil. For dryness red soil and denatured soil, the enhancement of disintegration was mainly manifested in two aspects: increasing its maximum disintegration index and increasing its disintegration rate. The effect on the disintegration of neo-soil is mainly to shorten the time needed to complete the disintegration. The results provide a theoretical reference for the study of soil disintegration in gully from the angle of dry-wet alternation. It lays a theoretical foundation for understanding the process of soil and water action and carrying out the work of soil and water conservation in this area.
【作者单位】：中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室;中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB452704) 国家自然科学基金项目(41571277) 中国科学院“西部之光”重点项目(Y4R2060060) 2015年度四川省学术和技术带头人培养资金资助项目
【分类号】：S157.1
【正文快照】： 土壤崩解,又称湿化,是指土壤在静水中发生分散、碎裂、塌落或强度减弱的现象[1],在降雨作用的土壤侵蚀过程中,崩解是侵蚀发生的先决条件。它是研究土壤侵蚀机理的途径之一,也是从土壤水理性质角度评价土壤抗侵蚀性能的一项重要指标[1]。已有研究表明土壤崩解直接受土壤结构[2]

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