西藏农村的用水制度研究——囊色林村、柳务村的案例分析

发布时间：2018-01-26 05:56

本文关键词： 西藏农业灌溉制度水资源囊色林村柳务村　出处：《西藏民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：用水制度是所有农业社会的核心问题之一。囊色林村和柳务村是西藏中部、西部古老农业社会的典型代表。田野调查发现,两村都有较为成熟的用水制度,且能够根据社会环境的变化而做出灵活调整,保证了水资源利用的公平和效率。但是,传统社会缺乏有效手段增加水资源供给,只能围绕水资源存量做出各种努力,或者寄希望于神灵,寻求精神安慰。近年来的农田水利建设着力增加水资源供给,为缓解用水紧张,平息用水纠纷起到了积极的作用。然而投资巨大的囊色林提灌站的运行困境,反映了利用国家财政支持和兄弟省市援助的水利建设在决策上存在脱离当地经济社会发展实际的现象,应予关注并逐步改进。
[Abstract]:Water use system is one of the core problems in all agricultural societies. Sauselin Village and Liuwu Village are typical representatives of the ancient agricultural society in central and western Tibet. Field investigation shows that both villages have relatively mature water use systems. And can make flexible adjustment according to the change of social environment, which ensures the equity and efficiency of water resources utilization. However, the traditional society lacks effective means to increase water resources supply. Can only make all kinds of efforts around the stock of water resources, or hope in the gods, seeking spiritual consolation. Recent years of irrigation and water conservancy construction efforts to increase water supply, in order to alleviate water tension. The water dispute has played a positive role. However, the huge investment in the operation of the Sausselin Irrigation Station is difficult. It reflects the phenomenon that the water conservancy construction with the aid of the state finance and the sibling provinces and cities is divorced from the actual development of local economy and society in the decision making and should be paid attention to and improved step by step.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【分类号】：F323.213;S27
【正文快照】： 对于任何依赖灌溉进行农业生产的社会来说,水资源具有无比重要的价值。水作为自然资源对于人类社会来说具有如下特点:1、供给的相对稳定性,使人们能够持久地依赖某一水源而进行生产生活,而水资源总量及使用的方便程度决定了依赖其生活的人群的规模,总之,在数千年的繁衍生息过

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