中国北方风蚀水蚀侵蚀动力时空分布特征

发布时间：2018-01-28 17:35

本文关键词： 降雨侵蚀力风蚀气候因子指数时空特征　出处：《水土保持研究》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以中国北方15省为研究对象,收集了研究区内长时间序列气象数据349站,计算了降雨侵蚀力和风蚀气候因子指数,采用半方差函数和基尼系数等指标,系统分析了风蚀动力和水蚀动力的时空分布格局。结果表明:(1)中国北方降雨侵蚀力平均值为1 652.90MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a),风蚀气候因子指数平均值为70.12,降雨侵蚀力在空间分布上呈中等程度变异,而风蚀气候因子指数为强变异。(2)降雨侵蚀力具有强烈的空间相关性,而风蚀气候因子指数具有中等的空间相关性。风蚀气候因子指数总体表现北方高南方低,中部高,东西较低,而降雨侵蚀力的空间分布从东南向西北呈递减趋势。(3)风蚀气候因子指数和降雨侵蚀力具有明显的非同步性,风蚀气候因子指数的年内分布较为均匀,而降雨侵蚀力的年内分布极不均匀。研究结果可为我国北方风蚀水蚀综合治理提供一定参考。
[Abstract]:Taking 15 provinces in the north of China as the research object, the long-term series meteorological data 349 stations in the study area were collected, and the rainfall erosivity and wind-erosion climatic factor index were calculated, and the semi-variance function and Gini coefficient were used. The temporal and spatial distribution patterns of wind and water erosion dynamics are systematically analyzed. The results show that the average rainfall erosivity in North China is 1 652.90 MJ 路mm/(hm~2 路h 路a). The mean value of wind erosion climatic factor index is 70.12, and the spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity is of moderate variation, while the wind erosion climate factor index is strong variation. 2) the rainfall erosivity has strong spatial correlation. The wind erosion climate factor index has a moderate spatial correlation. The wind erosion climate factor index is high in the north, low in the south, high in the middle, and low in the east and west. The spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity is decreasing from southeast to northwest.) the climatic factor index of wind erosion and the erosivity of rainfall have obvious non-synchronism, and the distribution of climatic factor index of wind erosion is more uniform in a year. The distribution of rainfall erosivity is very uneven during the year. The results can be used as a reference for comprehensive control of wind erosion and water erosion in northern China.
【作者单位】：黄河水利委员会黄河上中游管理局;西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地;中科院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“黄土高原淤地坝对流域侵蚀过程调控机理研究”(41401305)
【分类号】：S157.1
【正文快照】： 西安710048;3.中科院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100)土壤侵蚀是指土壤和成土母质在外营力作用下的分离、破坏和移动[1],是人类生存和发展面临的全球性环境问题,严重制约着社会经济的可持续发展[2]。中国北方地区由于气候干旱

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