生物炭对连作设施土壤酶活性及黄瓜根系性状的影响

发布时间：2018-01-30 00:33

本文关键词： 生物炭连作设施土壤理化性质黄瓜根系性状　出处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以连作(15年)设施土壤为研究对象,以黄瓜为供试作物,探讨不同生物炭用量(0,20,40t·hm-2)对土壤理化性质、酶活性及黄瓜根系性状的影响。结果表明,施用生物炭土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和酸性磷酸酶活性显著升高,BC2处理(40t·hm-2)效果好于BC1处理(20t·hm-2)。与对照处理(CK)相比,BC1和BC2处理土壤脲酶活性分别提高15.7%和23.8%,酸性磷酸酶活性提高82.5%和99.2%,过氧化氢酶提高53.0%和74.6%,对土壤转化酶活性影响差异不显著。施用生物炭对设施土壤理化性质有显著影响。BC1和BC2处理土壤碱解氮含量和EC值分别降低14.8%、15.1%和14.2%、20.6%,差异显著;有效磷、速效钾、有机碳和pH值均提高。施用生物炭有利于黄瓜根系发育,BC1和BC2处理根系条数、总根长、总表面积和根系活力均高于CK。结果表明,黄瓜根系性状与部分土壤理化性质显著相关,尤其与土壤pH值、速效钾和有机碳含量关系密切。综合分析表明,施用生物炭有利于改良连作设施土壤,促进黄瓜根系发育。
[Abstract]:The physical and chemical properties of soil under continuous cropping (15 years) and cucumber (20 t 路hm -2) were studied. The results showed that the activities of urease, catalase and acid phosphatase increased significantly. The effect of BC2 treatment was better than that of BC1 treatment (40 t 路hm-2). The urease activity of soil treated with BC1 and BC2 was increased by 15.7% and 23.8.The activity of acid phosphatase increased by 82.5% and 99.2% respectively. Catalase increased by 53.0% and 74.6%. There was no significant difference on soil invertase activity. Application of biochar had a significant effect on physical and chemical properties of protected soil. BC1 and BC2 treatments decreased soil alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen content and EC value by 14.8% respectively. There were significant differences between 15.1% and 14.2and 20.6; The available phosphorus, available potassium, organic carbon and pH value were all increased. The application of biochar was beneficial to the number of root strips and the total root length of cucumber roots treated with BC1 and BC2. The total surface area and root activity were higher than that of CK. The results showed that the root characters of cucumber were significantly related to the physical and chemical properties of some soils, especially to the soil pH value, available potassium and organic carbon content. The application of biochar was beneficial to the improvement of continuous cropping soil and the development of cucumber root system.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学农学院/辽宁省生物炭工程技术研究中心;鞍山市农产品质量安全监测中心;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201503136) 国家自然科学基金项目(41401325,31501250) 辽宁省教育厅一般项目(L2015485)
【分类号】：S154.2;S626;S642.2
【正文快照】： 区,设施黄瓜栽培尤为普遍,其栽种面积可占设施蔬菜总面积比例60%以上[2]。在设施集约种植体系中,黄瓜长期连作会造成土壤酸化、次生盐渍化、病菌多发等一系列土壤障碍问题[3]。如何阻控设施土壤质量退化,改善土壤功能,实现设施蔬菜安全、高效、优质生产是目前亟待解决的难题。

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