陇东旱塬区不同粮草轮作模式下土壤细菌群落组成特征

发布时间：2018-01-31 04:38

本文关键词： 黄土高原微生物大豆箭{H豌豆苜蓿　出处：《草业学报》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以陇东旱塬区冬麦-休闲-大豆(W-F-S)、冬麦-油菜-箭{H豌豆(W-R-V)和冬麦/休闲-苜蓿-苜蓿(W/F-L-L)粮草轮作系统为对象,基于16SrRNA基因序列扩增子测序,研究了3种轮作模式下耕层土壤(0~10cm及10~20cm)细菌群落组成特征。结果表明,3种轮作模式下,土壤细菌群落中占优势的菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria);土壤细菌群落属组成中以红游动菌属(Rhodoplanes)、出芽菌属(Gemmata)、硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira)、慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、Adhaeribacter菌属和Balneimonas菌属等与固氮相关的菌属为主。W-F-S轮作模式下土壤特异优势菌属为紫色杆菌属(Janthinobacterium)和溶杆菌属(Lysobacter),该类菌属与胞囊线虫的防治有关,间接揭示了该轮作模式可能抑制土传病害发生;W-R-V轮作模式下欧文氏菌属(Erwinia)丰度较高,主要与前茬油菜根系残留相关;W/F-L-L轮作模式下鞘脂单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)丰度较高,与苜蓿生长的少免耕措施有关。0~10cm土层细菌多样性表现为W-F-SW/F-L-LW-R-V,10~20cm土层表现则呈与之相反趋势。本研究从细菌群落组成和功能角度,阐释了包含豆科牧草的粮草轮作系统促进生物固氮、阻隔病害传播的微生物学机理,可为陇东旱塬区建立合理草田轮作制度和维持良好土壤生态环境提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:In winter wheat in Loess Plateau of Longdong - Leisure - Soybean (W-F-S), winter wheat - rape - arrow {H (W-R-V) and pea wheat / leisure alfalfa alfalfa (W/F-L-L) forage rotation system as the object, the sequence of 16SrRNA gene amplicon sequencing based on 3 rotation patterns under the topsoil (0~10cm and 10~20cm) composition the bacterial community. The results showed that 3 kinds of rotation mode, the dominant bacterial soil bacterial communities in the Proteobacteria and acidobacteria (Proteobacteria) (Acidobacteria); soil bacterial community composition in red swimming bacteria (Rhodoplanes), budding bacteria (Gemmata), nitrospirae genera (Nitrospira), Bradyrhizobium sp. (Bradyrhizobium), Adhaeribacter strains and Balneimonas strains and associated nitrogen fixing bacteria of the genus.W-F-S rotation mode of soil bacteria belonging to the specific advantage of janthinobacterium (Janthinobacterium) and Lysobacter spp. (Lysobacter), this kind of bacteria The prevention and treatment of cyst nematode, indirectly reveals the rotation mode can prevent the occurrence of soil borne diseases; W-R-V rotation mode ERWINA (Erwinia) high abundance, mainly with the stubble of rape root residue; W/F-L-L rotation mode of sphingolipids in Aeromonas (Sphingomonas) high abundance, and alfalfa growth less no tillage measures on soil bacterial diversity of.0~10cm is W-F-SW/F-L-LW-R-V, 10~20cm layer performance and showed an opposite trend. This study from the composition and function of bacterial community perspective, explains the system including legume forage rotation promoting biological nitrogen fixation, microbiological mechanism of disease transmission barrier, can establish a reasonable crop rotation system and maintain good soil ecology the environment provides a theoretical basis for the plateau of Longdong.

【作者单位】：草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室兰州大学草地农业科技学院草业科学国家级实验教学示范中心;
【基金】：甘肃省草原技术推广总站项目国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD14B006) 教育部重大科技项目(313028)资助
【分类号】：S154.3;S344.14
【正文快照】： 陇东黄土高原是我国典型雨养农业区之一,也是甘肃省冬小麦主产区。该地区以冬小麦为主的谷物连作方式及化肥的不合理施用致使土壤有机质含量降低[1-2],造成作物产量低而不稳,影响区域内农业生态系统的可持续发展[3]。豆科作物与禾谷类作物合理轮作是传统农业的精华,是提高农田

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