滇池东岸大棚种植区农业污水污染特征及处理工艺外加碳源生物脱氮比较研究
本文关键词: 滇池流域 大棚种植区 农业污水 外加碳源 出处:《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:针对滇池流域的水污染情况,通过一系列重点治理工程已经构建起了由片区截污、集镇与村庄截污、河道截污、干渠截污等四个层次组成的滇池流域环湖截污治污体系,但是由于尚缺一些关键的配套系统技术支撑和控制平台,该体系在如何充分发挥该体系的综合控污效能方面目前还存在问题,需要进一步的完善,其中农村农业污水作为滇池污染负荷的重要组成部分,它的高效收集和稳定处理运行关键技术研究将会对最大程度的联合发挥截污体系的环境效能进而削减滇池污染负荷、改善滇池水质发挥重要作用。然而一方面前人关于农业污水的水质水量在汇集过程中的变化规律研究中采用的实测降雨数据场次较少,所得结论的准确性仍有待进一步提高以便确定污染负荷的拦截条件,另一方面关于农村农业污水的处理工艺的经验较少,外加碳源的补充方式还有待优化和深入研究以保证低碳氮比的农业污水能得到良好的处理,因此深入探究农业污水在降雨过程中流量和污染负荷的变化规律和研究外加碳源的最佳类型和最优碳氮比对实现滇池环湖截污体系的最大效能具有重要意义。本论文针对滇池流域环湖截污体系中存在的上述两个问题,研究示范区内农村农业径流污水水质水量变化规律和不同碳源类型及碳氮比下的农业污水处理效果。研究得出的主要结论如下:①滇池东岸典型的蔬菜大棚和花卉大棚种植区域的农灌沟径流峰值时间较降雨时间有一定的滞后,但滞后时间没有明显的规律性,受许多因素的影响,主要包括与流域物理性质(土壤性质、植被覆盖)和降雨特征(降雨历时、降雨强度)相关的一些因素。②蔬菜大棚与花卉大棚农田径流中的COD、SS、氨氮和TP浓度值在总体上是花卉大棚高于蔬菜大棚,而TN浓度值相反。③蔬菜大棚与花卉大棚农田径流中各项水质污染指标随时间的变化无固定规律,主要是受到不同作物种植区土壤情况、施肥情况、农业生产作业情况不同等多重因素的综合影响。④当甲醇C/N5.12,乙酸钠C/N6.07,葡萄糖C/N8.09时,反应装置的脱氮效果较好,达到国家《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)中的一级A标准。⑤甲醇脱氮效果最好,乙酸钠次之,葡萄糖最差。
[Abstract]:In view of the water pollution situation in Dianchi Lake basin, a series of key control projects have been constructed to intercept pollution from the areas, towns and villages, and river channels. There are four levels of pollution control system in Dianchi Lake basin, but some key supporting systems and control platform are lacking. There are still some problems in how to give full play to the comprehensive pollution control efficiency of the system, which needs further improvement, among which rural agricultural sewage is an important part of the pollution load of Dianchi Lake. The research on the key technology of high efficiency collection and stable treatment operation will maximize the environmental efficiency of the sewage interception system and then reduce the pollution load of Dianchi Lake. Improving the water quality of Dianchi Lake plays an important role. On the one hand, on the one hand, on the one hand, the number of measured rainfall data used in the study on the variation of water quality and quantity of agricultural sewage in the process of collection is less. The accuracy of the conclusions still needs to be further improved in order to determine the interception conditions of pollution load, on the other hand, there is less experience on the treatment process of rural agricultural sewage. Additional carbon sources need to be optimized and further studied to ensure that the low carbon to nitrogen ratio of agricultural sewage can be treated well. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the variation of discharge and pollution load of agricultural sewage during rainfall and to study the optimal carbon source type and the optimal carbon nitrogen ratio for realizing the maximum efficiency of sewage interception system around Lake Dianchi Lake. This paper aims at the two problems mentioned above in the system of sewage interception around the lake in Dianchi Lake Basin. The changes of water quality and quantity of rural agricultural runoff sewage and the treatment effect of agricultural wastewater under different carbon source types and C / N ratio were studied in the demonstration area. The main conclusions are as follows:. 1. The peak runoff time of agricultural irrigation ditch in the typical vegetable shed and flower shed area on the east coast of Dianchi Lake was lagged behind the rainfall time. However, the lag time has no obvious regularity and is affected by many factors, including physical properties (soil properties, vegetation coverage) and rainfall characteristics (duration of rainfall). Some factors related to rainfall intensity. 2. The CODSS, ammonia nitrogen and TP concentration of runoff in vegetable greenhouse and flower shed were higher than that in vegetable greenhouse on the whole. On the contrary, TN concentration is opposite. 3. The change of water quality pollution index in vegetable shed and flower shed with time has no fixed rule, it is mainly affected by soil condition and fertilization in different crop planting areas. When methanol C / N 5.12, sodium acetate C / N 6.07 and glucose C / N 8.09, the denitrification effect of the reactor was better. According to the first class A standard (GB 18918-2002), methanol denitrification is the best, sodium acetate is the second, and glucose is the worst.
【学位授予单位】:重庆大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:X712
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