江苏省黄河故道沙土区植被措施因子试验分析

发布时间：2018-02-02 22:33

本文关键词： 黄河故道沙土区产流产沙降雨侵蚀力植被措施因子值水土保持效益　出处：《水土保持研究》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：植被是江苏省黄河故道沙土区主要的水土保持措施,为定量评价不同植被措施所发挥的作用,通过自然降雨径流小区产流产沙观测试验,利用国内水力侵蚀抽样调查中植被措施因子计算方法,对沙土区几种常见的植被措施因子的取值和影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:(1)试验小区的年产流产沙量表现为:裸地撂荒地林草地灌草地混种草地人工草皮,植被对产沙的影响更大,纯草本措施更具直接拦沙作用;(2)降雨侵蚀力和地表覆盖程度是影响植被措施因子的主要因素,降雨侵蚀力集中的月份其植被措施因子值占到了年值的64.52%~70.83%,随植被覆盖增加,降雨的影响明显减弱,植被的保土作用逐渐增强;(3)撂荒地、混种草、人工草皮、林草地和灌草地的植被措施因子年值(B)为0.499,0.184,0.048,0.266,0.224,说明后4种植被措施拥有良好的土壤保护能力,其抑制土壤侵蚀的效益指标均在70%以上,其中人工草皮达90%以上。
[Abstract]:Vegetation is the main soil and water conservation measure in the sandy soil area of the Yellow River old road in Jiangsu Province. In order to quantitatively evaluate the function of different vegetation measures, the experiment of runoff and sediment production in natural rainfall runoff plot is carried out. The calculation method of vegetation measure factors in domestic hydraulic erosion sampling survey was used. In this paper, the values and influencing factors of several common vegetation measure factors in sandy soil area are studied. The results show that: 1). The annual yield of abortive sediment in the experimental plot was as follows: artificial turf of mixed grassland of bare land abandoned forest and grassland. Vegetation has more influence on sediment yield, and pure herbaceous measures have more direct effect on sediment retention. (2) rainfall erosivity and surface coverage are the main factors affecting vegetation measure factors. The vegetation measure factors in the month of concentrated rainfall erosivity account for 64.52% of the annual value. With the increase of vegetation cover, the influence of rainfall is obviously weakened, and the soil conservation effect of vegetation is gradually strengthened. (3) the annual value of the vegetation measure factors of abandoned land, mixed recommendation, artificial turf, forest grassland and shrub grassland is 0.4990.184c0.048.0.2660.224. The results showed that the latter four planting measures had good soil protection ability, and the benefit indexes of soil erosion inhibition were above 70%, of which artificial turf was more than 90%.
【作者单位】：河海大学水利水电学院;江苏省水利科学研究院;丰县水利局;
【基金】：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201101054) 江苏省水利科技重点项目(201402)
【分类号】：S157.43
【正文快照】： 土壤侵蚀是制约我国农业生产、生态环境等建设发展的关键瓶颈之一,近几年水土保持已经成为我国基本国策中的重点内容。对土壤流失的研究中发现[1-3]:植被的林冠层、灌木层和草本层可以拦截降雨,减小降雨动能,有效削弱径流冲刷作用;植物根系和枯枝落叶层能够增加降雨入渗,延缓

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