再生水回用过程中土壤化学性质及微生物的变化规律研究

发布时间：2018-02-07 15:59

本文关键词： 再生水室内模拟微生物数量群落结构化学性质　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：再生水是指废水经过滤、沉淀、混凝等处理后,达到规定的水质指标,满足特定的使用要求,在一定范围内能够再次被有益利用的水资源,普遍应用于工业、农业、城市服务业、景观环境和补充地下水源等。本研究采用室内土柱模拟的实验手段,以自来水浇灌为对照组,再生水回用为实验组,研究再生水回用对土壤化学性质、微生物数量和微生物群落结构的影响,并深入探讨土壤化学性质与微生物数量之间的相关关系、土壤化学性质和微生物群落结构的响应关系,以期对再生水回用安全评价及改进再生水处理工艺提供理论支持。通过对自来水和再生水浇灌区6项土壤样品化学性质(有机质、全氮、总磷、速效磷、pH值、含水量)进行测试分析,明确再生水回用过程中土壤化学性质的变化规律。结果表明:随再生水回用量的增加,土壤有机质(OM)和全氮(TN)含量呈升高趋势,推测再生水回用可增加土壤养分和提高土壤肥力;再生水回用对土壤总磷(TP)和速效磷(AP)含量无显著影响,均在土壤元素安全含量范围内,未造成磷元素的聚集;再生水回用对土壤pH值和含水量无显著影响,不会引起土壤酸碱化。通过传统微生物培养法,研究再生水回用下土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌总数和群落结构的变化规律,结果表明:随再生水回用量的增加,表层0~20 cm土壤细菌和放线菌数量呈升高趋势,而20~40 cm和40~60 cm土层细菌、放线菌、真菌数量无显著变化,各土层微生物数量表现为:0~20 cm土层20~40 cm土层40~60 cm土层,且差异显著;再生水回用区分离出可培养细菌分布于15个属,其中不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter sp.)为优势菌属,气球菌属(Aerococcus sp.)、盐杆菌属(Halobacterium sp.)等6个属为特有菌属;再生水回用区分离出可培养放线菌分布于9个属,其中链霉菌属(Streptomyces sp.)为优势菌属,游动放线菌属(Actinoplanaceae sp.)、束丝放线菌属(Actinosynnema sp.)为特有菌属;再生水回用区分离出可培养真菌分布于12个属,其中青霉属(Penicillium sp.)为优势菌属,帚霉属(Scopulariopsis sp.)、囊轴霉属(Rhipidium sp.)和枝孢霉属(Cladosporium sp.)为特有菌属。通过SPSS17.0(统计产品与服务解决方案,Statistical Product and Service Solutions)对土壤化学性质与微生物数量之间的相关性分析表明,细菌、放线菌、真菌总数与有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、速效磷(AP)呈正相关;通过CANOCO4.5去趋势分析(DCA)和冗余分析(RDA)研究土壤化学性质与微生物类群之间的对应关系,结果表明,土壤微生物群落结构随着化学性质的变化表现出一定的空间差异,有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、速效磷(AP)是对微生物群落结构影响较大的理化因子,其中有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)和速效磷(AP)含量对动性球菌属(Planococcus sp.)、盐杆菌属(Halobacterium sp.)、束丝放线菌属(Actinosynnema sp.)、游动放线菌属(Actinoplanaceae sp.)的分布影响较大,总磷(TP)含量对奈瑟氏球菌属(Neisseria sp.)的分布影响较大。
[Abstract]:Reclaimed water refers to the water resources which can be used again in a certain range after being treated by filtration, sedimentation, coagulation and so on, so as to meet the specified water quality targets and meet the specific requirements of use. They are widely used in industry and agriculture. Urban service industry, landscape environment and supplementary underground water sources were used in this study. The chemical properties of soil were studied by indoor soil column simulation, using tap water irrigation as control group and reclaimed water as experimental group. The relationship between soil chemical properties and microbial population, and the response relationship between soil chemical properties and microbial community structure were also discussed. In order to provide theoretical support for safety evaluation of reclaimed water reuse and improvement of reclaimed water treatment process, the chemical properties of 6 soil samples (organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and pH value of available phosphorus) in tap water and reclaimed water irrigated area were studied. The results showed that the content of soil organic matter (OM) and total nitrogen (TNN) increased with the increase of the amount of reclaimed water, and the content of soil organic matter (Om) and total nitrogen (TNN) increased with the increase of the amount of reclaimed water. It was inferred that reclaimed water reuse could increase soil nutrients and soil fertility, and that reclaimed water reuse had no significant effect on the contents of total phosphorus (TP) and rapidly available phosphorus (APP), but did not result in the accumulation of phosphorus in the safe range of soil elements. Reclaimed water reuse had no significant effect on soil pH value and water content, and would not cause soil acid-alkalification. The changes of soil bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and community structure under reclaimed water reuse were studied by traditional microbial culture method. The results showed that the amount of bacteria and actinomycetes increased with the increase of reclaimed water reclaimed water, but the number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi did not change significantly in the soil layer of 20 ~ 40 cm and 40 ~ 60 cm. The number of microbes in each soil layer was 4060 cm in 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer, and the difference was significant, and the culturable bacteria were isolated and distributed in 15 genera in reclaimed water reuse area, among which Acinetobacter sp. (Acinetobacter sp.) was the dominant genus. Aerococcus sp. sp. and Halobacterium sp.) are endemic genera, and culturable actinomycetes have been isolated from the reclaimed water reuse area in 9 genera, among which Streptomyces sp. is the dominant genus. The genus Actinoplanaceae sp. and Actinosynnema sp. are endemic to the genus Actinoplanaceae, and 12 genera of culturable fungi have been isolated from the reclaimed water reuse area, among which Penicillium sp. is the dominant genus. Scopulariopsis sp., Rhipidium sp. and Cladosporium sp.) are endemic to the genus Scopulariopsis. The total number of fungi was positively correlated with organic matter (CANOCO4.5), total nitrogen (TNN), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (APP), and the relationship between soil chemical properties and microbial community was studied by using CANOCO4.5 detrend analysis (DCAA) and redundancy analysis (RDAA). The soil microbial community structure showed some spatial differences with the change of chemical properties. Organic matter (OMN), total nitrogen (TNN), total phosphorus (TP) and available phosphorus (APP) were the most important physical and chemical factors affecting the microbial community structure. The contents of OMN, TNN and APP) affected the distribution of Actinosynnema sp. and Actinoplanaceae sp. in the genus Planococcus sp., Halobacterium sp., Actinosynnema sp. and Actinoplanaceae sp., respectively. The distribution of Neisseria sp. was significantly affected by the content of TPTP.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S154.3;S153

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