淮南潘集矿区煤矸石充填复垦土壤有机碳分布特征研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 16:29

本文关键词： 淮南潘集矿区土壤有机碳活性有机碳土壤团聚体腐殖质　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪80年代由国际科学联合会(ICSU)发起和组织的一项重大国际科学计划——国际地圈-生物圈计划(IGBP),其中,土地覆盖/土地利用(LUCC)变化对陆地生态系统碳存储以及碳循环的影响已经成为全球变化研究的热点问题。而矿区生态系统作为一个不同于自然生态系统的具有特殊结构和功能的有机整体,矿区内的生产活动(尤其是煤炭高强度开采)势必会造成矿区内土地利用方式的变动和由此引起的碳素循环失衡问题。因此,对矿区土壤有机碳、团聚体结合碳、以及矿区特殊碳循环的研究十分重要。本文选择淮南潘集矿区为研究对象,通过野外采样和室内试验相结合研究土壤有机碳、微生物生物量碳、可溶性有机碳季节变化,探讨植被类型、覆土厚度、覆土时间对土壤有机碳含量、团聚体组成的影响,旨在为潘集矿区碳循环研究提供基础数据。本文主要研究结果,如下:(1)东辰生态园区和潘一矿生态修复区土壤有机碳、微生物生物量碳、可溶性有机碳含量均低于周边自然土壤。潘一矿生态修复区全年有机碳含量基本上高于东辰生态园(除2015年11月),同时,还发现研究区土壤有机碳全年的变化趋势与修复区植物生长趋势基本一致。(2)不同覆土厚度土壤有机碳含量介于4.49-6.53 g/kg,覆土较薄的地块(0-20 cm)有机碳含量最高为 6.53 g/kg,分别比覆土 20-40 cm,40-60 cm,40-60 cm,80-100 cm的地块高出23.91%、2.35%、26.31%、45.43%,这可能是由于植被类型对复垦区土壤有机碳的影响大于覆土厚度所导致的。(3)煤矸石充填复垦区土壤中各粒径机械稳定性团聚体组成比例均随粒级从大到小呈"W"型分布,3.2 mm粒级团聚体所占比例最大,且与其它粒级存在显著性差异(P0.05),修复区水稳定性团聚体组成比例与机械稳定性团聚体相似。修复区土壤水稳定团聚体平均重量直径均小于对照区,分别为0.82 mm和0.67 mm,覆土 60-80 mm的地块土壤团聚体平均重量直径和几何直径均高于其它覆土厚度区,故土壤结构稳定性最优的覆土厚度在60-80 cm。(4)修复区土壤总有机碳含量均小于对照区,分别比对照区减少了 24.97%和35.10%,同时,各粒级水稳定性团聚体也小于对照区。不同覆土厚度的地块土壤平均有机碳含量的变化趋势呈单峰状,覆土 40-60 cm和60-80 cm的地块各粒级团聚体有机碳含量均高于其它覆土厚度。(5)3个覆土厚度梯度下土壤胡敏酸含量的大小依次:0-20 cm20-40 cm40-60cm;土壤富里酸含量:40-60cm20-40 cm0-20cm;土壤胡敏素含量:40-60cm20-40cm0-20cm。在腐殖质形成过程中,土壤有机碳、土壤含水量和全氮起到促进作用,有利于土壤腐殖质的形成。
[Abstract]:In 1980s, a major international scientific programme, the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, was initiated and organized by the International Scientific Union (IUSU), in which, The impact of land cover / land use LUCCs on carbon storage and carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems has become a hot issue in the study of global change. An organic whole of structure and function, The production activity in the mining area (especially the high intensity coal mining) will inevitably cause the change of the land use mode and the carbon cycle imbalance in the mining area. Therefore, for the soil organic carbon in the mining area, aggregate bound carbon, It is very important to study the special carbon cycle in the mining area. In this paper, the seasonal changes of soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and soluble organic carbon were studied through field sampling and laboratory experiments in Panji mining area of Huainan. The effects of vegetation type, soil thickness and soil cover time on soil organic carbon content and aggregate composition are discussed in order to provide basic data for carbon cycle study in Panji mining area. The soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon in Dongchen Ecological Park and Panyi Mine Ecological Restoration area are as follows:. The content of soluble organic carbon was lower than that of surrounding natural soil, and the content of organic carbon in the ecological restoration area of Panyi Mine was basically higher than that in Dongchen Ecological Park (except November 2015), at the same time, It was also found that the annual variation trend of soil organic carbon in the study area was basically consistent with the trend of plant growth in the remediation area. (2) the soil organic carbon content of different soil cover thickness ranged from 4.49 to 6.53 g / kg, and the soil organic carbon content of the thin soil cover was 0-20 cm), and the highest organic carbon content was 6.53 g 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1). It is higher than that of 20-40 cm ~ 60 cm ~ 60 cm ~ (-1) (80 ~ 100 cm) higher than that of soil covered with 20 ~ 40 cm ~ (60) cm ~ (10) cm ~ (-1) or 80 ~ 100 cm ~ (100 cm) respectively. It is possible that the influence of vegetation type on soil organic carbon in reclamation area is greater than that on soil organic carbon in reclamation area, which is caused by the influence of vegetation type on soil organic carbon, which is caused by the thickness of overlying soil. The proportion of aggregates with the size of "W" was the largest, and the proportion of the aggregates of 3.2 mm was the largest with the grain size of "W". There was a significant difference between the soil water stability aggregates and other aggregates, and the composition ratio of water stable aggregates was similar to that of mechanical stability aggregates. The average weight diameters of soil water stable aggregates were smaller than those of the control areas. The average weight diameter and geometric diameter of soil aggregates in the plots with 0.82 mm and 0.67 mm covered with 60-80 mm overlying soil were higher than those in other soil cover areas. Therefore, the soil total organic carbon content in the remediation area with the optimum soil structure stability is 60-80 cm 路m ~ (4), which is 24.97% and 35.10 respectively less than that in the control area, meanwhile, the total organic carbon content of the soil in the remediation area is lower than that in the control area. The average soil organic carbon content of the plots with different overlying soil thickness showed a single peak, and the average soil organic carbon content of the plots with different soil thickness was similar to that of the control area. The content of organic carbon in agglomerates of 40-60cm and 60-80cm covered soil was higher than that of other gradients.) under the three gradients of soil thickness, the content of Hu Min acid was: 0-20 cm20-40 cm 40-60 cm; the content of fulvic acid in soil was: 40-60 cm 20-40 cm 0-20 cm; and the content of soil humin was 40 ~ 60 cm ~ 40 cm -20 cm ~ 20 cm; the content of soil humin was 10 ~ 60 cm ~ 40 cm ~ 20 cm ~ 20 cm. Weight: 40-60cm20-40cm0-20cm. in the process of humus formation, Soil organic carbon, soil water content and total nitrogen play an important role in the formation of soil humus.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S153;TD88

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