秦皇岛市农村环境污染问题及治理对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 03:39

本文关键词： 农村环境污染污染原因环保意识污染治理　出处：《河北科技师范学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着秦皇岛市经济的快速发展,秦皇岛市的农村也得到了全面的发展,但是经济的发展也带来了一系列的问题,最为突出的就是农村的环境污染问题。农村的环境污染问题,一方面,对农村地区的长期发展产生了阻碍;另一方面,对城市的可持续发展也形成了制约。本文通过实地调研、资料收集与整理,确定了秦皇岛市农村环境污染中现存的三大主要污染源:农村农业面源污染、农村点源污染以及农村生活垃圾造成的环境污染。结合农村环境问题产生的背景,从政府、企业、农民自身三个方面,不同角度进行了分析,认为造成秦皇岛市农村环境污染的原因一是地方政府政策、机制、资金方面存在的问题;二是部分企业盲目追求经济利益忽视环境,生产技术的落后影响环境以及企业淡薄的环保法制观念阻碍环境保护;三是农民落后的文化、意识、生活观念等导致了环境的污染。农村环境污染产生的伤害主要包括:危及人体健康;降低农副产品质量,影响食品安全;制约农村生态环境构建进程;阻碍城乡统筹发展等。在以上分析的基础上,探讨了秦皇岛市农村环境治理的基本原则与政策措施,认为秦皇岛市农村环境污染治理过程中应坚持以人为本的原则、坚持政府主导和社会参与的原则、坚持经济效益与生态效益相结合的原则。政府是环境污染治理的根本力量,政府在应对环境污染方面,应当加强领导对环保工作的重视,提高环境保护的认识;加强环保宣传,营造环保氛围,增强群体环境卫生意识;加大环保教育培训,提升广大干部及群众的环保素养;加强政府监管,健全环保法规,完善环保制度;加强各部门的组织协调,形成有效的环保机制;增加环保资金投入,依靠技术治理环境污染;加大依法监管力度,全面落实法律法规;总结实地状况,借鉴成功经验解决实际问题。针对秦皇岛市农村环境污染问题探究出来的具体对策及措施在实践过程中具有一定的指导意义,同时,对于新农村及城镇化建设过程中环境污染的治理问题都有推动作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic development of Qinhuangdao City, the rural areas of Qinhuangdao City have also been comprehensively developed, but the economic development has also brought a series of problems, the most prominent of which is the environmental pollution problem in rural areas. On the one hand, it hinders the long-term development of rural areas; on the other hand, it restricts the sustainable development of cities. Three major sources of environmental pollution in the rural areas of Qinhuangdao City are determined: rural agricultural non-point source pollution, rural point source pollution and environmental pollution caused by rural domestic waste. Three aspects of farmers themselves are analyzed from different angles. It is concluded that the causes of environmental pollution in Qinhuangdao's rural areas are, first, the problems in local government policies, mechanisms and funds; second, the blind pursuit of economic interests by some enterprises and the neglect of the environment. The backward production technology affects the environment and the weak concept of the legal system of environmental protection in enterprises hinders the protection of the environment; third, the backward culture and consciousness of farmers, The harm caused by environmental pollution in rural areas includes: endangering human health, reducing the quality of agricultural and sideline products, affecting food safety, restricting the construction process of rural ecological environment; On the basis of the above analysis, this paper discusses the basic principles and policy measures of the rural environmental control in Qinhuangdao, and holds that the principle of people-oriented should be adhered to in the process of controlling the rural environmental pollution in Qinhuangdao. Adhere to the principle of government leading and social participation, adhere to the principle of combining economic benefits with ecological benefits. The government is the fundamental force of environmental pollution control. In dealing with environmental pollution, the government should pay more attention to environmental protection work. To enhance the awareness of environmental protection; to strengthen environmental protection publicity, to create an environment friendly atmosphere and to enhance the environmental hygiene awareness of the community; to increase environmental protection education and training, to enhance the environmental quality of the broad masses of cadres and the masses; to strengthen government supervision and improve environmental protection laws and regulations; To improve the environmental protection system; to strengthen the organization and coordination of various departments to form an effective environmental protection mechanism; to increase investment in environmental protection funds and to rely on technology to control environmental pollution; to step up legal supervision and comprehensive implementation of laws and regulations; and to sum up the situation on the ground. The concrete countermeasures and measures to solve the environmental pollution problem in Qinhuangdao City have some guiding significance in the process of practice, at the same time, For the new countryside and urbanization in the process of environmental pollution control has a role in promoting.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.22

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