畜禽养殖恶臭物质组成与测定及评估方法研究进展

发布时间：2018-02-23 11:54

本文关键词： 畜禽养殖恶臭物质测定方法评估方法　出处：《生态与农村环境学报》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着我国畜禽养殖业的迅速发展,恶臭已成为引发周边居民投诉和纠纷的主要环境问题,严重制约了畜禽养殖业的可持续发展。因此,识别畜禽养殖恶臭来源及物质组成、总结恶臭测定技术和了解恶臭表征与评估方法,对于科学评估恶臭危害进而针对性地提出控制措施具有重要意义。系统梳理了畜禽恶臭物质的主要组成与特征,对比分析了畜禽恶臭主要测定技术的优缺点,讨论了主要的恶臭表征评估方法。畜禽恶臭中起关键作用的物质主要是挥发性脂肪酸类、含硫化合物、芳香族化合物(主要是酚类和吲哚)以及氨和挥发性胺类4类物质。畜禽恶臭的测定方法大致分为仪器分析法和嗅觉法2类,2类方法各有优劣。在分析现有恶臭成分的基础上,判别畜禽恶臭的关键物质,实现畜禽恶臭的现场连续监测是今后研究的热点。针对恶臭成分的复杂性,构建恶臭物质浓度与恶臭强度间的合理转化关系是进行恶臭评估的一种可行方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding in China, stench has become a major environmental problem that has caused complaints and disputes among the residents around the country, and has seriously restricted the sustainable development of livestock and poultry breeding. It is of great significance to summarize the technology of odor determination and to understand the characterization and evaluation methods of odor, which is of great significance for scientific evaluation of odor hazards and the corresponding control measures. The main composition and characteristics of odor substances in livestock and poultry are systematically combed. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the main techniques for the determination of odor in livestock and poultry were compared and analyzed, and the main evaluation methods of odor characterization were discussed. The key substances in the odor of livestock and poultry were mainly volatile fatty acids and sulfur compounds. Aromatic compounds (mainly phenols and indole), ammonia and volatile amines. The methods for the determination of odor in livestock and poultry can be divided into two kinds: instrumental analysis method and olfactory method. It is a hot topic in the future to distinguish the key substances of the odor of livestock and poultry, and to realize the continuous monitoring of the odor in the field. It is a feasible method to establish a reasonable conversion relationship between odor concentration and odor intensity.
【作者单位】：南通大学地理科学学院;环境保护部南京环境科学研究所;
【基金】：环保公益性行业科研专项(201509038) 环境保护部部门预算项目(2110107) 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20131201) 江苏省大学生创新训练计划(201610304038Z,2016114) 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项
【分类号】：X713;X823

【相似文献】