蚯蚓粪处理对提高水飞蓟和薄荷耐盐性的研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 16:13

  本文关键词： 水飞蓟 薄荷 盐胁迫 蚯蚓粪 NaCl　出处：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：盐碱地是广泛存在于世界各地的一种盐类累积的土壤类型,土壤内所含有的盐分会影响植物的正常生长。从我国的东部沿海到内陆地区都有盐碱地的分布,但是只有少量的盐碱地被开垦利用。我国东部沿海地区人口稠密,人均耕地面积却很少,如果能够将沿海滩涂进行一定的开发利用就可以充分利用土地资源。选育和培育耐盐作物是改造盐碱地的一种有效的手段。水飞蓟和薄荷都是海岸带耐盐经济植物,具有一定的耐盐性。水飞蓟是药用作物,薄荷既是一种药用作物又是一种芳香类作物。本实验通过盐胁迫以及在盐胁迫条件下添加蚯蚓粪来研究水飞蓟和薄荷的生长状况,从而为水飞蓟和薄荷的耐盐性和蚯蚓粪对盐碱地的改良情况做出一定的评估。研究结果如下:1.通过对水飞蓟和薄荷生物量的测定发现5%、15%蚯蚓粪含量下最有利于水飞蓟和薄荷的生长。5%蚯蚓粪处理下水飞蓟的地上部和地下部生物量分别比对照增加了240.08%、128.84%;15%蚯蚓粪处理下水飞蓟的地上部和地下部生物量分别比对照增加了 439.98%、235.29%。5%蚯蚓粪处理下薄荷的地上部和地下部生物量分别比对照增加了 269.47%、72.7%;15%蚯蚓粪处理下薄荷的地上部和地下部生物量分别比对照增加了 469.39、341.09%。2.盐胁迫下,水飞蓟和薄荷的生物量及含水量减少,4‰NaCl条件下不利于生物量的累积。添加蚯蚓粪后水飞蓟和薄荷的生物量有所增加。在1‰NaCl胁迫下,施入5%、15%蚯蚓粪后水飞蓟和薄荷的地上部重量分别提高了 62.16%、85.82%和39.29%、41.18%;在4‰NaCl胁迫下,施入5%、15%蚯蚓粪后水飞蓟和薄荷的地上部重量分别提高了 39.45%、40.25%和 57.22%、59.35。3.盐胁迫下,水飞蓟和薄荷体内的活性氧清除系统受到损害,添加蚯蚓粪在一定程度上可以缓解抗氧化酶的活性。盐胁迫下,蚯蚓粪可以提高水飞蓟体内SOD和CAT活性,在1‰NaCl胁迫下施入蚯蚓粪会降低POD活性,在4‰NaCl胁迫下施入蚯蚓粪可以提高POD活性。蚯蚓粪处理可以提高薄荷体内SOD和POD活性,提高薄荷叶片中CAT活性,降低薄荷根中CAT活性。4.低盐胁迫下,水飞蓟和薄荷体内的渗透调节物质积累,高盐胁迫下渗透调节物质的累积受到抑制,添加蚯蚓粪可以提高盐胁迫条件下水飞蓟和薄荷体内可溶性蛋白含量,但是会降低脯氨酸的含量。
[Abstract]:Saline-alkali land is a soil type of salt accumulation that widely exists all over the world. The salt contained in the soil affects the normal growth of plants. From the eastern coast of China to inland areas, saline-alkali soils are distributed. However, only a small amount of saline-alkali land has been reclaimed and utilized. In the eastern coastal areas of China, the population is dense, but the per capita cultivated area is very small. If the coastal beach can be exploited and utilized to a certain extent, the land resources can be fully utilized. Breeding and breeding salt-tolerant crops is an effective means to transform saline-alkali land. Silythistle and mint are both salt-tolerant economic plants in the coastal zone. Silythistle is a medicinal crop, menthol is both a medicinal crop and an aromatic crop. In this study, the growth of silythistle and menthol was studied by salt stress and earthworm dung under salt stress. The results are as follows: 1. Through the measurement of the biomass of silythistle and mint, it is found that 5o 15% earthworm dung is the most favorable water for the improvement of saline and alkaline soil. The results are as follows: 1. Through the measurement of the biomass of silythistle and mint, it is found that 5% earthworm dung is the most favorable for water. The aboveground and underground biomass of silythistle treated with 5% earthworm dung increased 240.08% 128.84% and 15% earthworm manure, respectively, and the aboveground and underground biomass of silythistle increased 439.98% 235.29%. 5% higher than that of control, respectively, when treated with earthworm dung, the aboveground and underground biomass of silythistle was increased by 439.98% and 235.29%, respectively. The aboveground and underground biomass of menthol under fecal treatment increased by 269.477.72.7% and 72.7% respectively as compared with the control. The biomass of aboveground and underground parts of menthol increased by 469.39% and 341.09.2. under salt stress, the biomass of the above ground part and the underground part of mint treated with earthworm manure treatment increased by 469.39% and 341.09%, respectively. The biomass and water content of silythistle and mint decreased by 4 鈥，

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