运用“碳足迹”的方法评估小麦秸秆及其生物质炭添加对农田生态系统净碳汇的影响

发布时间：2018-02-25 03:25

本文关键词： 小麦秸秆生物质炭碳足迹碳汇　出处：《农业环境科学学报》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为分析添加秸秆、生物质炭后小麦生产过程中碳足迹的动态、分布以及构成,研究了不同处理在小麦生长期的CO2、N_2O、CH4排放情况,以及不同处理的单位面积碳足迹构成与碳足迹总量,试验设置5个处理:对照(CK)、常规施肥(N)、施肥并添加4 t·hm-2秸秆(NS)、施肥并添加4 t·hm-2生物质炭(NBClow)、施肥并添加8 t·hm-2生物质炭(NBChigh)。结果表明,小麦生产中碳足迹的构成主要为农田生态系统净初级生产力(NPP)和氮肥生产过程中的能源消耗,与常规施肥相比:添加4 t·hm-2秸秆、4 t·hm-2生物质炭与8 t·hm-2生物质炭处理,小麦产量分别增加了30.9%、66.3%和36.6%;添加4 t·hm-2秸秆使土壤CO2的季节排放总量增加了68.7%,生态系统N_2O的季节排放总量降低了33.9%,添加4 t·hm-2和8 t·hm-2生物质炭生态系统N_2O的季节排放总量降低了23.8%和58.6%,但是土壤CO2的季节排放总量没有显著性的差异;添加4 t·hm-2秸秆使小麦生产过程中的碳足迹升高了26.0%,添加4 t·hm-2和8 t·hm-2生物质炭碳足迹分别降低了198.0%和112.9%。生物质炭的添加降低了小麦生产过程中的碳足迹。
[Abstract]:In order to analyze the dynamics, distribution and composition of carbon footprint in wheat production after adding straw and biomass carbon, the emission of CO _ 2N _ 2O _ 4 Ch _ 4 from different treatments in wheat growing period, and the carbon footprint composition and total carbon footprint per unit area of different treatments were studied. Five treatments were set up in the experiment: CK, conventional fertilization, fertilization and adding 4 t 路hm-2 straw, fertilizing and adding 4 t 路hm-2 biomass carbon, fertilizing and adding 8 t 路hm-2 biomass carbon. The carbon footprint in wheat production was mainly composed of net primary productivity (NPP) of farmland ecosystem and energy consumption in nitrogen fertilizer production. Compared with conventional fertilization, 4 t 路hm-2 straw per 4 t 路hm-2 biomass charcoal and 8 t 路hm-2 biomass carbon were added. The total seasonal emission of soil CO2 was increased by 68.7% by adding 4 t 路hm-2 straw, the total seasonal emission of N2O decreased by 33.9T by adding 4 t 路hm-2 straw, and the seasonal emission of N2O by adding 4 t 路hm-2 and 8 t 路hm-2 biomass carbon ecosystem decreased by 33.9% and 36.6%, respectively, and the seasonal emission of N2O from biomass carbon ecosystem increased by 4 t 路hm-2 and 8 t 路hm-2. The total amount of soil CO2 decreased by 23.8% and 58.6, but there was no significant difference in the total seasonal emission of soil CO2. Addition of 4 t 路hm-2 straw increased the carbon footprint of wheat production by 26.0t 路hm-2 and 8t 路hm-2 decreased carbon footprint by 198.0% and 112.9 respectively.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室;
【基金】：国家863项目(2013AA100904,2011AA100503) 国家自然科学基金(41301305) 西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费(2014YB062,2452015355)
【分类号】：S181

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