大理红塔植烟基地土壤肥力综合评价

发布时间：2018-02-25 10:04

  本文关键词： 植烟土壤 土壤肥力 综合评价　出处：《云南农业大学学报(自然科学)》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为综合评价大理州植烟土壤肥力状况,根据植烟面积采集9个红塔基地单元县具有代表性的基础土壤样品,以土壤p H、有机质、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾等10个指标建立肥力指标体系,结合相关性分析和模糊数学隶属度函数模型(Fuzzy)对各基地单元植烟土壤综合肥力进行评价。结果显示:(1)全州红塔基地主要植烟土壤p H、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量适宜,有机质含量丰富,交换性镁、水溶性氯含量整体偏高,交换性钙和有效硫含量远高于烤烟适宜生长范围上限,土壤有效硼则含量普遍不足;各区域土壤养分指标均存在中等程度的变异,其中,交换性钙、有效硫和水溶性氯变异范围较大;(2)全州土壤综合肥力指数为0.58,变幅为0.15~0.95,平均变异系数28.2%,土壤肥力状况良好,其中漾濞、南涧、永平和云龙4县土壤肥力达到Ⅰ级,巍山和弥渡为Ⅱ级,宾川和祥云为Ⅲ级,大理市为Ⅳ级(土壤IFI值仅为0.36),与聚类分析结果一致;(3)各县(市)土壤样本分布频率结果表明:宾川县和大理市的低肥力土壤存在比例较大,分别为34.1%和51.1%,其余县(市)土壤多集中在中高肥力等级。
[Abstract]:In order to evaluate soil fertility of tobacco planting in Dali prefecture, 9 representative basic soil samples were collected according to tobacco planting area. Soil pH, organic matter, hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus were used. Ten indexes, such as available potassium, were used to establish a fertility index system. Combined with correlation analysis and fuzzy mathematical membership function model, the comprehensive fertility of tobacco planting soil in each base unit was evaluated. The results showed that the content of pH, hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in tobacco planting soil of Hongta base was suitable. The contents of organic matter, exchangeable magnesium and water soluble chlorine were relatively high, the contents of exchangeable calcium and available sulfur were much higher than the upper limit of suitable growth range of flue-cured tobacco, and the content of available boron in soil was generally insufficient. Among them, exchangeable calcium, available sulfur and water-soluble chlorine had a large range of variability. The comprehensive fertility index of soil was 0.58, the range of variation was 0.150.95, the average coefficient of variation was 28.2and the soil fertility was good. The soil fertility of Yangbi, Nanjian, Yongping and Yunlong counties reached grade 鈪，

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